suffering from disorder and chaos, tehran is a city capable of introduced as one of the most beautiful cities in the world for its historical and geographical capacities. unfortunately, in the modern era and after the islamic revolution when urban development destiny started to depend on engineers due to their increasing authority in urban management, culture role was undermined and tehran unde...

Regulating lines are visible or implied lines used to compose and construct artifacts, buildings, landscapes or other objects. In landscape architecture, regulating lines have been used from antiquity. During the renaissance, for example, many French formal gardens were organized with symmetry and Euclidean geometry as organizing elements. These formal gardens often had visible or implied regul...

in this study, an optimization model is proposed to design a global supply chain (gsc) for a medical device manufacturer under disruption in the presence of pre-existing competitors and price inelasticity of demand. therefore, static competition between the distributors’ facilities to more efficiently gain a further share in market of economic cooperation organization trade agreement (ecota) is...

     Mulches are relatively new landscape components and are becoming recognized for their environmental and aesthetic outcomes on urban landscapes especially in arid environments. However, the effects of mulches on landscape plants have not been extensively discussed. This study examined the effects of organic and inorganic mulches on the performance of a widely used herbaceous drought toleran...

In suitable growing conditions, the grasses are one of the well lawn covering materials due to uniform in color and texture, soft and resilient, easy to take care of. In many areas, grasses can provide a surface that maintenance frees than paving. They can be walked on, sat on and used for many outdoor activities and sport activities such as; football, soccer, volleyball and related practices. ...

What is the nature of instructional design? Is instructional design merely the practical application of learning theories to learning situations? What elements form the building blocks of instructional design theory and research? What assumptions about the nature of people and society are behind theories, principles, and practice? These questions occur in the context of international discussion...