This paper presents a direct torque control strategy for double star synchronous machine fed by two three-level inverters. The analysis of the torque and the stator flux linkage reference frame shows that the concept of direct torque control can be extended easily to double star synchronous machine. The proposed approach consists to replace the switching tables by one artificial neural networks...

This paper proposes a nonlinear flux linkage observer for the PMSM speed controls without motion sensors, introducing deviation among real stator and an estimated to suppress feedback integral drift. In position detection of interior sensor, traditional back EMF integration method uses pure integrator, or LPF, estimate flux. Its inherent defects inevitably lead inaccurate estimation, which dire...

This paper investigates the influence of stator flux barriers on short-circuit current (SCC) and braking torque a dual three-phase permanent magnet (PM) synchronous machine. By optimizing position width barriers, machine has lower amplitude brake when fault occurs. First, SCC are analytically derived. The is proportional to PM linkage inversely inductance. square Then, equivalent magnetic circu...

Using ANSYS finite element (FE) package, a multi-physics simulation model based on finite element method (FEM) is introduced for the multi-layer switched reluctance motor (SRM) in the present paper. The simulation model is created totally in ANSYS parametric design language (APDL) as a parametric model usable for various conventional types of this motor and it is included electromagnetic, therm...

Optimization of specific power of axial flux permanent magnet brushless DC (PMBLDC) motor based on genetic algorithm optimization technique for an electric vehicle application is presented. Double rotor sandwiched stator topology of axial flux permanent magnet brushless DC motor is selected considering its best suitability in electric vehicle applications. Rating of electric motor is determined...

axial flux permanent magnet (afpm) machines are attractive candidates for electric vehicles (evs) applications due to their axial compact structure, high efficiency, high power and torque density. this paper presents general design characteristics of afpm machines. moreover, torque density of the machine which is selected as main objective function, is enhanced by using genetic algorithm (ga) a...

A new permanent magnet design for axial flux interior permanent magnet (AFIPM) motor is described in this paper. Poleshoes are traditionally used to produce sinusoidal flux linkage and sinusoidal EMF especially in the case of radial flux synchronous machines. Poleshoes are not a practical solution in the case of axial flux PM machine. The use of poleshoes in the production of sinusoidal back EM...

The nonlinear interaction of climate forcings and ecosystem variables is instrumental in creating the temporal and spatial heterogeneity of grasslands. Ecosystem processes are a product of these interactions and vary in sensitivity to them across time. How forcings aggregate and shape ecosystem responses is an important aspect of grassland states and defines how they respond to changes in envir...