The sixteenth century saw a transformation in medicine as it came to be dominated by the ideals and methods of the Renaissance.1 The recovery of lost texts, and the availability in print of a wide-ranging medical literature from the ancient world, aroused overwhelming enthusiasm. The first phase of this development, marked above all by the printing of the works of Galen in Greek and of a flood ...

49 The United States, which made a major early commitment to nanotechnology in 2000, has been the world’s research leader, but as the promise of nanotechnology has grown the government commitment has flattened. We are concerned that lukewarm support for nanoscale science and engineering (S&E) puts U.S. technological leadership at risk and might prevent the country from realizing the full potent...

Introduction Raynaud provides us with an accurate clinical description of the disease which now bears his name. 'Madame X, aged 26 years, has never been ill; but she has been the subject since childhood of an infirmity which makes her an object of curiosity to her acquaintances. Under the influence of very moderate cold, and even at the height of summer, she sees her fingers become exsanguine, ...

ease was admitted with a history of acute-onset upper abdominal pain. Physical examination revealed signs of peritonitis in the upper abdomen, and an abdominal CT scan demonstrated a localized pneumoperitoneum (●" Fig. 1). An esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) (GIF2T60 double-channel endoscope; Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) was performed under general anesthesia using CO2 insufflation, and revealed a cl...

I haye read with much interest in your last number Dr. Hyatt's remarks on the treatment of gonorrhoea by blistering; but, while agreeing with him to a certain extent in its efficacy, I think it will be found that the period he names, " six days," will hardly suffice in all cases to effect a cure in. I presume that Dr. Hyatt's practice has almost entirely been confined to natives, as there are n...

The Question When I take a sip from the coffee in my cup, I can taste that it is sweet. When I hold the cup with my hands, I can feel that it is hot. Why does the experience of feeling that the cup is hot give me justification for believing that the cup is hot? And why does the experience of tasting that the coffee is sweet give me justification for believing that the coffee is sweet? In genera...

The aim of this study is to formulate the best clinical practice in the diagnosis and management of chronic pruritus (CP). We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and the WHO's regional databases, for studies on "Diagnosis and management of chronic pruritus" from January 1, 2014, to July 31, 2015. We included programmatic reports and hand-searched references of published reviews and...

PURPOSE We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of warm water sitz baths in patients who have undergone transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) owing to lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed the records of 1,783 patients who had undergone TURP between 2001 and 2009. In the warm water sitz bath group, patients were instructed...

Philips CA, et al. BMJ Case Rep 2017. doi:10.1136/bcr-2017-221718 Description A 38-year-old non-alcoholic, non-diabetic man with gallstone disease was prescribed three tablespoons of Epsom salt (magnesium sulfate crystals) with lukewarm water for 15 days for ‘stone dissolution’ by a naturopathy practitioner. He developed loss of appetite and darkening of urine from the 12th day on treatment and...