Data-centric, distributed programming for embedded systems with harsh resource constraints poses a heavy burden upon a developer. In this paper, we describe how rule-based programming can alleviate these problems by combining middleware and application at the programming level. We describe in detail the programming primitives and the implementation of the FACTS middleware architecture. Based on...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of three writing tasks on the cognitive, affective and interpersonal factors typically associated with eating disorder symptoms, in a student population. METHOD Two experimental tasks and one control task were evaluated. Participants gave subjective ratings of the writing experience, and objective questionnaire measures were administered at baseline, and 4- an...

background: the aim of the article is demonstrating an application of multiple imputation (mi) for handling missing clinical data in the setting of rheumatologic surveys using data derived from 10291 people participating in the first phase of the community oriented program for control of rheumatic disorders (copcord) in iran . methods: five data subsets were produced from the original data set....

Despite the increased use of integrated tasks in high-stakes academic writing assessment, research on rating criteria which reflect unique construct summary skills is comparatively rare. Using a mixed-method approach expert judgement, text analysis, and statistical this study examines features that discriminate summaries produced by 150 candidates at five levels proficiency reading-writing (R-W...

Abstract In Iran, most English teachers’ method of teaching writing is merely to have students do some writing exercises or simply to give them writing tests without any instruction, but writing is not an easy task for students, and teachers should be able to do more to facilitate their students’ writing. One of the ways to aid writing is dynamic assessment via graduated prompt. The graduated p...

bilingual dictionary use in l2 writing test performance has recently been the subject of debate. opinions differ according to how the trait is understood and whether the system favors the process-oriented or product-oriented views towards the assessment and writing skill. given the need for more empirical support, this study is aimed at investigating the availability of bilingual dictionary use...

This study explores 19 Taiwanese students’ writing in weekly online forum posts and traditional essays. Results drawn from discourse analysis of students’ writing in both types of writing tasks showed that the semesterlong online writing accompanied by explicit instruction on essays and basic academic writing conventions appeared to help raise EFL students’ consciousness of register in the two ...