Supplying chain cooperation has already become an important strategy that enterprises use to tackle market competition; however, the supply chain crisis caused by supply chain risk makes the supply chain operation of enterprises very fragile. This paper applies Portfolio Theory to explain the suppliers’ combination plays an important role in dispersing the supplying chain risk and controlling i...

Unless otherwise noted, all fi gures are based in USD.

In the context of the historical development of portfolio theory the authors describe a stochastic asset/liability modelling exercise for a closed pension fund portfolio, illustrating the reduction in variance of estimated future surplus which can be achieved by investment in index-linked securities. Equity investment would increase the expected level of surplus, but the outcome would be more u...

Healthcare organizations continue to make large investments in health information technology to improve quality of care and lower costs. Therefore, there is an evergrowing need to have an ever-clearer understanding of how IT investments impact these organizations. In this paper, we present an extensive review of literature on the impact of health information technology on quality. We identify a...

High levels of dental caries, challenging child behavior, and parent expectations support a need for sedation in pediatric dentistry. This paper reviews modern developments in pediatric sedation with a focus on implementing techniques to enhance success and patient safety. In recent years, sedation for dental procedures has been implicated in a disproportionate number of cases that resulted in ...

purpose : to evaluate efficacy, complications, and patient satisfaction using local anesthesia (la), in comparison to with general anesthesia (ga) in external dacryocystorhinostomy (dcr) methods : in this prospective study, 149 patients with complete nasolacrimal duct (nld) obstruction who were candidates for external dcr were randomized in 2 groups: ga 73 patients, and la 76 patients. intraope...

abstract   background and purpose: traditional lecture-based teaching has been long used to transit theoretical knowledge to the participants. due to some problems of this didactic approach, some believe that integration within an active method is more valuable in nursing education. in this study, we hypothesized that integrating lecture-based teaching within clerkship course would enhance nurs...