It is often disruptive to attend to the details of one's expert performance. The current work presents four experiments that utilized a monitor to report protocol to evaluate the sufficiency of three accounts of monitoring-induced disruption. The inhibition hypothesis states that disruption results from costs associated with preparing to withhold inappropriate responses. The dual-task hypothesi...

BACKGROUND Vitamin-K antagonists (VKAs) present an effective anticoagulant treatment in deep venous thrombosis (DVT). However, the use of VKAs is limited because of the risk of bleeding and the necessity of frequent and long-term laboratory monitoring. Therefore, new oral anticoagulant drugs (NOACs) such as dabigatran, with lower rates of (major) intracranial bleeding compared to VKAs and not r...

OBJECTIVE To conduct a cost-minimization analysis of intravenous adenosine and intravenous dipyridamole in thallous chloride TI 201 single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging. DESIGN A retrospective, open-label, cost-minimization analysis. SETTING University hospital, outpatient nuclear medicine department. PATIENTS Eighty-three patients undergoing dip...

We aim to integrate information, monitoring and enforcement costs into the choice of environmental policy instruments. We use a static partial equilibrium framework to study different combinations of regulatory instruments (taxes, standards...) and enforcement instruments (criminal fine, administrative fine...). The firms’ compliance decisions depend on the instrument combination selected by th...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Treatment of stroke consumes a significant portion of all healthcare expenditure. We developed a system for monitoring costs from individual patient data on a national level in Finland. METHODS Multiple national administrative registers were linked to gain episode-of-care data on all hospital-treated patients with incident stroke over the years 1999 to 2007 (n = 94,316)...

BACKGROUND To determine the direct and indirect costs of outbreaks of acute viral gastroenteritis (AVG) due to norovirus in closed institutions (hospitals, social health centers or nursing homes) and the community in Catalonia in 2010-11. METHODS Information on outbreaks were gathered from the reports made by epidemiological surveillance units. Direct costs (medical visits, hospital stays, dr...

We analyzed the effect of managerial ownership, leverage, and discretion on agency costs 14,719 Chilean companies. The results instrumental variables (IV) regressions indicate that ownership capital structure have a negative non-linear costs. Managerial concentration is an effective means internal control over costs, discarding entrenchment effect. impact debt suggests for high leverage levels,...

OBJECTIVE It is standard practice to defer discharge of premature infants until they have achieved a set number of days without experiencing apnea. The duration of this period, however, is highly variable across institutions, and there is scant literature on its effectiveness or value-for-money. Our objective was to establish the economic impact of varying durations of predischarge observation ...

Spatial mobility is a topical concept of analytical migration science, which makes it possible to assess the desires, readiness and capabilities of the population to move over certain distances and time. In the management of spatial mobility assessment requires the organization of systematic monitoring, which includes identifying the mobility potential in spatial and temporal interpretation, th...