Multi Drug Resistance (MDR) in Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the major threats for emerging nosocomial infections in hospital environment. Multidrug-resistance in A. baumannii may be due to the implementation of multi-combination resistance mechanisms such as β-lactamase synthesis, Penicillin-Binding Proteins (PBPs) changes, alteration in porin proteins and in efflux pumps against various e...

This study addresses the effects of dynamic strain turnover and antibiotic prophylaxis on rates of group A Streptococcus (GAS) antibiotic resistance and disease. The authors analyzed the strain distributions, disease rates, and patterns of antibiotic resistance of 802 GAS isolates collected from 2002 through 2007. These samples were collected from patients with GAS infection symptoms at 10 mili...

Antibiotics are the 'wonder drugs' to combat microbes. For decades, multiple varieties of antibiotics have not only been used for therapeutic purposes but practiced prophylactically across other industries such as agriculture and animal husbandry. Uncertainty has arisen, as microbes have become resistant to common antibiotics while the host remains unaware that antibiotic resistance has emerged...

results among the specimens, 11 cases (1.4%) were culture-positive. among these isolates, only two isolates had high mic values for erythromycin and clarithromycin. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of the isolates revealed 6 pfge profiles (a-f) among which three and two isolates had the same patterns in profiles a and b, respectively. conclusions azithromycin can be a good drug of choi...

in this study, 90 internal organ samples of poultry with symptoms of colibacillosis were obtained from maragheh poultry farms in east azerbaijan, iran. in total, 70 bacterial isolates were confirmed as escherichia coli (e. coli) strains using standard biochemical tests, and antibiotic sensitivity was determined by the disk diffusion method. antibiotics used in this study included ampicillin, pe...

background and objectives: pseudomonas aeruginosa is a frequent opportunistic pathogen in health care associated infections that is highly resistant to the majority of β-lactams. the aims of this study were to access the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of p. aeruginosa isolated from educational hospitals of qazvin and alborz provinces, to determine the prevalence of metallo-β-lactamase (mb...

Application of manure from antibiotic-treated animals to crops facilitates the dissemination of antibiotic resistance determinants into the environment. However, our knowledge of the identity, diversity, and patterns of distribution of these antibiotic resistance determinants remains limited. We used a new combination of methods to examine the resistome of dairy cow manure, a common soil amendm...

Antibiotic-resistance genes are often carried by conjugative plasmids, which spread within and between bacterial species. It has long been recognized that some viruses of bacteria (bacteriophage; phage) have evolved to infect and kill plasmid-harbouring cells. This raises a question: can phages cause the loss of plasmid-associated antibiotic resistance by selecting for plasmid-free bacteria, or...

The dissemination of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria can be attributed largely to conjugative DNA transfer. The general category of conjugative transfer includes both bacterial plasmid conjugation and the transfer of nonreplicative conjugative transposons. Prototypes for these two systems are the plasmid RK2 and the conjugative transposon Tn916. To address the long-term problem ...