OBJECTIVE This review focuses on the association of lithium treatment and psoriasis. The mechanism of action of lithium in causing psoriasis and the clinical presentation of psoriasis secondary to lithium treatment are considered. DATA SOURCES A search of the literature from 1949 to 2007 was performed using MEDLINE, with the following search terms: lithium, psoriasis, skin, dermatology, and p...

Clinicians must be aware of characteristics unique to certain populations when diagnosing and treating onychomycosis. For example, although onychomycosis is uncommon in children, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis when young patients have nail changes, particularly if a family history of onychomycosis is present. In elderly patients, comorbid medical conditions may complicate...

Topical therapy as monotherapy is useful in psoriasis patients with mild disease. Topical agents are also used as adjuvant for moderate-to-severe disease who are being concurrently treated with either ultraviolet light or systemic medications. Emollients are useful adjuncts to the treatment of psoriasis. Use of older topical agents such as anthralin and coal tar has declined over the years. How...

BACKGROUND Distal and lateral onychomycoses are the most frequent forms of onychomycosis, causing subungual hyperkeratosis that usually limits local penetration of antimycotic drugs. Tazarotene exerts anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating activities toward both infective agents and damaged keratinocytes. Given the well-documented efficacy of tazarotene on hyperkeratotic nail psoriasis, we inv...

Turner syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormalities of the X chromosome. An association with many autoimmune diseases is described as well as skin diseases such as psoriasis, vitiligo and alopecia areata. Trachyonychia is characterized by irregular opaque appearance on the nail plate of all 20 nails. It may be idiopathic or it can be associated with other dermatological disease...

BACKGROUND: Etanercept is a fully human tumor necrosis factor a receptor fusion protein that binds tumor necrosis factor a with greater affinity than natural receptors. Biologics are widely used in the treatment of psoriasis and psoriasis arthritis and may represent a new therapeutic option for some patients with psoriatic nail disease. CASE REPORT: We report a case of lichen planus limited to ...

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory scaling skin disorder affecting approximately 0.1~3.0% population. Nail and joint involvement are not uncommon in psoriatic patients. However, psoriatic onychopathy with an underlying bony/periosteal involvement in the distal phalanx is exceptionally rare. In our case, psoriasis with psoriatic nails and enlarged distal digits without evidence of joint involve...

INTRODUCTION Traditional clinical trials in psoriasis exclude a significant proportion of patients with complex disease and comorbidities. A consensus panel of 14 experts in the field of psoriasis was formed to conduct a Delphi method exercise to identify difficult-to-treat psoriasis clinical scenarios and to rank treatment approaches. METHODS The exercise consisted of both survey questionnai...

BACKGROUND Apremilast, an oral phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, has demonstrated efficacy in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis. OBJECTIVE To evaluate long-term efficacy and safety of apremilast in biologic-naive patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis and safety of switching from etanercept to apremilast in the phase 3b LIBERATE trial. METHODS Two hundred fifty patients wer...