A traditional multimedia system presents the same static content and suggests the same next page to all users, even though they might have widely differing knowledge of the subject. Such a system suffers from an inability to be all things to all people, especially when the user population is relatively diverse; users often lose sight of the goal of their inquiry, look for stimulating rather tha...

introduction: the reference section is one of the most important parts in every library. moreover, reference services represent all the attempts performed in a library. since libraries primarily aim to satisfy users' information needs, knowing that the effects of information technologies (it) on their services seems essential. therefore, this study manly tried to assess the effects of it on ref...

An important amount of research has been devoted to conceptual model validation, that is, to check whether a conceptual model correctly and adequately describes the users' intended needs and requirements. In this paper we present a new approach to model validation. We define a set of desirable properties that a conceptual model should satisfy and we show how the accomplishment of all these prop...

Natural language generation is a knowledge-intensive, goal-directed process involving many interacting choices. Some questions that a generation system must answer include: what information needs to be included in the output to satisfy the speaker's or writer's communicative goals? how should a discourse contribution be structured to ensure its coherence? which modalities should be used to maxi...

This research is based on the fact that educational institutions are always interesting to study. Especially related marketing carried out by each institution. It should be noted service whose essence can satisfy users of services. Every individual has wants and needs Education. If satisfied, it will affect quality When there a demand, customer services at institution through programs, then con...

The CmapTools program, and concept mapping in general, have seen a steady growth in usage in the last few years. With new users come new requirements and needs for the software that we can’t always satisfy. Until now, the CmapTools architecture has been relatively closed to third party developers. In this paper we report on a new open architecture, KE (Knowledge Exchange Architecture), that pro...