BACKGROUND Retention in treatment is a key indicator of methadone treatment success. The study aims to identify factors that are associated with retention. OBJECTIVES To determine retention in treatment at 12 months for Irish opiate users in methadone substitution treatment and to indicate factors that increase the likelihood of retention. METHODS National cohort study of randomly selected ...

BACKGROUND Benzodiazepines (BZD) misuse is a serious public health problem, especially among opiate-dependent patients with anxiety enrolled in methadone program because it puts patients at higher risk of life-threatening multiple drug overdoses. Both elevated anxiety and BZD misuse increase the risk for ex-addicts to relapse. However, there is no recent study to assess how serious the problem ...

Starting in 2007, a 2-year study based on ethnographic methodology was carried out downtown Montréal, Canada. A thematic analysis of observational and interview-based notes was conducted. Illicit prescription opioid (PO) use was widespread among street-based participants. Injection was the main mode of PO administration observed among users. Some injection practices such as "doing a wash" could...

This study examines the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic interactions between (1) lopinavir-ritonavir (L/R), a fixed combination of protease inhibitors used for the treatment of HIV disease, and (2) ritonavir alone at the same dosage as that in the L/R formulation, with methadone, an opiate frequently used in substance abuse pharmacotherapy for opioid (heroin)-dependent injection drug users, man...

Opiate reward memories are powerful triggers for compulsive opiate-seeking behaviors. The basolateral amygdala (BLA) is an important structure for the processing of opiate-related associative memories and is functionally linked to the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) pathway. Transmission through intra-BLA DA D1-like and D2-like receptors independently modulates the formation of opiate reward memories ...

The relation between illicit drug dependence and the likelihood of drug overdose is unclear. We recruited 1,066 habitual drug users for this analysis through street-based outreach in New York City. In this sample, 99.3% of respondents used heroin in the past year and 87.1% of respondents used cocaine; 819 (77.5%) heroin users and 735 (79.2%) cocaine users were severely dependent on either drug ...

cocaine users: review and research needs, (Author postprint) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 39(5), 609-620, [Accessed: (date) from www.drugsandalcohol.ie] 1 Note: This is a pre-copy-editing, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry following peer review. The definitive publisher-authenticated version [Hogan DM (1998...

Direct Coombs’ tests (antiglobulin all of the methadone maintenance patests) were performed on blood from tients were, in fact, taking methadone, 103 opiate users prior to methadone as well as other drugs. This result maintenance therapy and 67 loncj-term conflicts with a report in which 85#{176}/o methadone maintenance patients. No of the methadone maintenance papositive tests were observed in...