abstract in order to identify the plant parasitic nematodes of rapeseed fields in north khorasan provice, during years 2007-2008, 50 soil and root samples were collected. nematodes were extracted by centrifugal flotation technique and transferred to glycerin according to the modified de grisse method (1969). the permanent slides were prepared from the extracted nematodes. the nematodes were ide...

Quality of urban areas and improvement of it have always been considered as one of the main issues in the process of urbanization. It might be possible to consider this importance as the result of fundamental changes in intellectual patterns during the past two decades in one side and its proposal in all aspects of human life on the other side though this is one of the main influential concepts...

Published by the College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR) and issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Andrew G. Hashimoto, Director/Dean, Cooperative Extension Service/CTAHR, University of Hawai‘i at Mänoa, Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96822. An equal opportunity/affirmative action inst...

Common wheat is an economically important crop, cultivated mainly for food purposes. During the growing season, crops are exposed to feeding by numerous animal pests: insects, snails and plant parasitic nematodes. Among phytophagous nematodes, cystforming nematodes of genus Heterodera root-knot Pratylenchus recognized as pests crop. Spring observations cultivation common in winter form showed c...

Restrictions on the use of conventional nematicides have increased the need for new methods of managing plant-parasitic nematodes. Consequently, nematode-antagonistic microbes, and active compounds produced by such organisms, are being explored as potential additions to management practices. Programs in this area at the USDA Agricultural Research Service investigate applied biocontrol agents, n...

background: corvidae is a cosmopolitan family of oscine birds including crows, rooks, mag­pies, jays, chough, and ravens. these birds are migratory species, especially in the shortage of foods, so they can act like vectors for a wide range of microorganisms. they live generally in temper­ate climates and in a very close contact with human residential areas as well as poultry farms. there is no ...