Tobacco smoking is one of the most important risk factors for the development of oral mucosal lesions such as leukoplakia and hairy tongue. Controversy exists in the literature, however, about the prevalence of oral lesions in smokers. The aim of this study was to evaluate oral lesions in male smokers compared with nonsmokers in Hamadan. A total of 516 male participants were assessed, 258 of wh...

BACKGROUND Cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer remain important health problems for women worldwide. It is largely a preventable disease that is characterised by a long lead time. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of precancerous conditions of cervix (CIN I-III) in women with chronic vaginal discharge by Pap smear screening. METHODS The study...

The diagnosis and treatment of oral premalignant lesions and squamous cell carcinoma are currently based on histopathologic features, site of involvement and stage of disease. Recent advances in techniques for detecting lesions and predicting their progression or recurrence are reviewed here. Adjuncts for detection of lesions and selection of biopsy sites include vital tissue staining (with tol...

In the last few years there has been a special interest in the definition and classification of so called “premalignant oral diseases” (1). Frequent and controversial processes such as oral lichen planus and other similar oral lesions are included in this group (2, 3). Oral lichen planus is clinically characterized by white papular lineal lesions which show a reticular pattern, associated or no...

Cutaneous horns are conical, circumscribed protuberances formed by densely layered keratin. These lesions originate from basal keratinocytes and may manifest as benign, premalignant, or malignant cutaneous pathology in chronically sun-damaged areas. Complete surgical excision with histologic examination is needed for potential malignancy. In this report, we describe two elderly women presenting...

The study of premalignant disease may hold the promise of cancer prevention and, in some cases, this potential is already being realized. In other instances, however, increased risk of mortality and morbidity has been identified without clear data to guide treatment. This series reviews the current state of information about premalignant disease from the perspective of diagnosis, treatment and ...

Focal acantholytic dyskeratosis (FAD), epidermolytic hyperkeratosis (EHK), and Hailey-Hailey-like acantholysis (HH) represent unique histology reaction patterns, which can be associated with defined phenotypic and genotypic alterations. Incidental microscopic foci demonstrating these patterns have been identified in skin and mucosal specimens in association with a gamut of disease processes. Th...

BACKGROUND Important risk factors for cutaneous melanoma (CM) are recognized, but standardized scores for individual assessment must still be developed. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to develop a risk score of CM for a Brazilian sample. METHODS To verify the estimates of the main risk factors for melanoma, derived from a meta-analysis (Italian-based study), and externally valid...

BACKGROUND Seborrheic keratosis (SK) is one of the most common epidermal tumors of the skin. However, only a few large-scale clinicohistopathological investigations have been conducted on SK or on the possible correlation between histopathological SK subtype and location. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical and histopathological features of a relatively large number of...

res. In the following article, the most frequent benign and preinvasive lesions are depicted and their further management is explained, especially for diagnosed lesions with uncertain malignant potential. Even though current data shows a good correlation of the results of the punch biopsy and the diagnostic excision (Cipolla et al. 2006), premalignant lesions of the breast can be underestimated...