Background and aims: Infertility is one of the most important conditions in reproductive system and there is no reliable estimates for global prevalence of infertility. Therefore, knowing the prevalence of infertility is important and can be effective in decision making. Methods: We systematically reviewed all published papers in Medline database and Scopus (1988–2010). Univariate and multivar...

Salmonellosis is a common clinical and subclinical infection of pigs. The species adapted serovar S choleraesuis predominantly produces a septicemic disease in swine. Disease in other species, including humans, is rare compared to enteric type infections from non host adapted serovars such as S typhimurium. However, when host adapted serovars infect alternate species, disease can be severe. Vac...

An experiment is described in which the speech rate of a short preceding or following context was manipulated in addition to that of a vowel or a consonant that carried a quantity distinction. The results showed the durations of these segments and the speech rate of their left and right context to be crucial for quantity perception.

a central premise of monetary policy in the U.S. throughout the first decade of the 21st century has been a firm commitment to avoid deflation, that is, a persistent fall in the price level. indeed, it is the consensus view of policymakers and most economists.1 central premise of monetary policy in the U.S. throughout the first decade of the 21st century has been a firm commitment to avoid defl...

The increase in asthma incidence, prevalence, and morbidity over recent decades presents a significant challenge to public health. Pollen is an important trigger of some types of asthma, and both pollen quantity and season depend on climatic and meteorologic variables. Over the same period as the global rise in asthma, there have been considerable increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide concent...

The great utility of microarrays for genome-scale expression analysis is challenged by the widespread presence of batch effects, which bias expression measurements in particular within large data sets. These unwanted technical artifacts can obscure biological variation and thus significantly reduce the reliability of the analysis results. It is largely unknown which are the predominant technica...