Infective endocarditis (IE) has been increasingly diagnosed in patients without previously detected predisposing heart disease, but its clinical features have yet to be fully determined. A recent single-center study including echocardiographic images and surgical findings investigated the incidence of undiagnosed, clinically silent valvular or congenital heart diseases and healthcare-associated...

BACKGROUND Clinically undetectable or dormant metastases (micrometastases) probably account for disease recurrence, ie, clinically evident metastases, in patients after disease-free intervals of variable length. Recently developed animal models have shown that dormancy may potentially be explained by the fact that these micrometastases are not vascularized and have comparable rates of cellular ...

Graduate students face a fundamental change in identity when transitioning from undergraduate writers to graduate writers. In their new role as graduate writers and researchers, they must move from consuming knowledge to producing knowledge through their writing. Often, they must learn new genres of writing, new disciplinary conventions, and new rhetorical models. For non-native English speaker...

Using Ephestia kuehniella larvae as hosts, invert emulsion (IE) and an aqueous suspension (AS) of Beauveria bassiana (isolate IR34-JS2) and Metarhizium anisopliae (isolate IR41-TT1) formulations were compared when stored for three months at either 3 °C or 25 °C. Initially, IE formulations of isolates JS2 and TT1 were 13- and 14-fold more virulent than AS formulations, based on their LC50 values...

Can artificial agents benefit from human conventions? Human societies manage to successfully self-organize and resolve the tragedy of commons in common-pool resources, spite bleak prediction non-cooperative game theory. On top that, real-world problems are inherently large-scale low observability. One key concept that facilitates coordination such settings is use conventions. Inspired by behavi...

All pronunciation dictionaries make use of abbreviatory conventions to save space. Devices such as italicization, superscription, and parenthesization make it possible to cater for several different phonetic forms without retranscribing the whole of the variant pronunciation. The three currently available pronunciation dictionaries of English are EPD, LPD and ODP. They all exploit the possibili...

This paper investigates a puzzling feature of social conventions: the fact that they are both arbitrary and normative. We examine how this tension is addressed in sociological accounts of conventional phenomena. Traditional approaches tend to generate either synchronic accounts that fail to consider the arbitrariness of conventions, or diachronic accounts that miss central aspects of their norm...

The Reticulum Cell Sarcoma (RCS)' is a spontaneous lymphatic tumor of the SJL/J (H-29) mouse, first observed by Murphy (1) in upwards of 90% of SJL/J mice of amean age of 13 .3 mo. RCS tumors are considered B cell lineage neoplasms that exhibit Ig H chain gene rearrangements, but no surface or cytoplasmic Ig (2). Additionally, RCS tumors express IAs MHC-encoded polypeptides (3) . RCS tumors req...

The convergence of communications and information technology within education, as well as more widely, means that concepts developed within ITS & AIED are now applicable to a wider range of wired, and more interestingly 'wireless', technologies. Interactive TV, supported by broadband broadcasting, offers interesting possibilities for education. The use of TV (and radio) in education has a long ...