BACKGROUND Pre-exposure prophylaxis with oral antiretroviral treatment (oral PrEP) for HIV-uninfected injection drug users (IDUs) is potentially useful in controlling HIV epidemics with a significant injection drug use component. We estimated the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of strategies for using oral PrEP in various combinations with methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) and antiretr...

BACKGROUND Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is highly effective in preventing HIV transmission, yet patients interested in learning more about PrEP or in getting a PrEP prescription may not be able to find local medical providers willing to prescribe PrEP. OBJECTIVE We sought to create a national database of PrEP-providing clinics to allow for patients to hav...

Background and purpose: There are several ways to enhance marriage. Prevention and Relationship Enhancement Program (PREP) are among the methods of educating relationships. Relationship education programs have made a significant contribution to the growth and development of millions of couples. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the  Prevention and Relationship Enhancement Pro...

OBJECTIVES To examine policymakers and providers' views on pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and their willingness to support its introduction, to inform policy and practice in this emerging field. DESIGN Semistructured qualitative interview study. SETTING Peru, Ukraine, India, Kenya, Uganda, Botswana and South Africa. PARTICIPANTS 35 policymakers, 35 healthcare workers and 21 non-governmen...

AIM To determine the prevalence of preoperative endodontic pain (PREP) and the incidence of postoperative endodontic pain (POEP), identifying the predictors of PREP and POEP in a southern Brazilian subpopulation, using clinical data from an electronic chart database (ECD). METHODOLOGY This retrospective observational study included 563 consecutive individuals presenting for root canal treatme...

INTRODUCTION Antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for the prevention of HIV acquisition is cost-effective when delivered to those at substantial risk. Despite a high incidence of HIV infection among pregnant and breastfeeding women in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), a theoretical increased risk of preterm birth on PrEP could outweigh the HIV prevention benefit. METHODS We developed a deci...

Awareness of Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) was assessed among a cohort of substance-using black men who have sex with men and transgender women (MSM/TGW) participating in the STAR Study, which recruited black MSM/TGW in New York City for HIV testing and linked HIV-infected individuals into care from July 2012 to April 2015. Sociodemographic, psychosocial, known HIV risk factors, and PrEP awar...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Remarkable advances in the use of antiretroviral medication in the prevention of HIV acquisition are receiving well deserved widespread attention. The behavioral and social-cultural factors that contextualize use of study product or preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) are comparatively poorly understood. Given that PrEP is a bio-behavioral intervention, optimizing the potential imp...

OBJECTIVE Oral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with antiretrovirals (ARVs) is at the forefront of biomedical HIV prevention research, and ARVs are also being tested for rectal administration to target people practicing unprotected receptive anal intercourse (URAI) and at risk of HIV infection. This study assessed the acceptability of daily oral PrEP and rectal PrEP during URAI among men who have...

INTRODUCTION In settings where HIV is prevalent in heterosexual populations, pregnancy and postpartum breastfeeding periods can be associated with substantial HIV acquisition risk. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with daily oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)/emtricitabine is an attractive HIV prevention option for women who are lactating but data are limited on its safety during the lacta...