the sulfur regulatory circuit of the filamentous fungus, neurospora crassa, consists of a set of unlinked structural genes which encode sulfur catabolic and two major regulatory genes which govern their expression. the cys-3 regulatory gene encode a transacting regulatory protein which activates the expression of cys-14 and ars, whereas the other regulatory genes scon-l and scon-2 appear to act...

the biologists now face with the masses of high dimensional datasets generated from various high-throughput technologies, which are outputs of complex inter-connected biological networks at different levels driven by a number of hidden regulatory signals. so far, many computational and statistical methods such as pca and ica have been employed for computing low-dimensional or hidden representat...

background:   brucellosis is one of the most common chronic diseases, with widespread distribution. in spite of cell-mediated immunity (cmi) modulated mainly via activated t-helper type 1 (th1) cells, brucellosis can advance to chronic disease in about 10-30% of cases. regulatory t cells (treg cells) are involved the immune response to brucellosis; however, their role, particularly in the chang...

Deregulation was launched as a concept in the United States more than a decade ago; the European Union Commission has also formally announced that electric deregulation must be completed by the end of 2005. Deregulation or reform has already been a popular topic on the Electricity Power Sector. This paper will discuss the restructuring and regulatory reforms in the PR China’s power sector. It b...

One of the foremost challenges of 21st century biological research will be to decipher the complex genetic regulatory networks responsible for embryonic development. The recent explosion of whole genome sequence data and of genome-wide transcriptional profiling methods, such as microarrays, coupled with the development of sophisticated computational tools for exploiting and analyzing genomic da...

Why do regulatory authorities scrutinise mergers and acquisitions? The authorities themselves claim to be combating monopoly power and protecting consumers. But the last two decades of empirical research has found little supporting evidence for such motives. An alternative is that M&A regulation is actually designed to protect privileged firms. We provide a test of protectionism by studying whe...

Regulatory reform in the Nordic electricity-supply markets has resulted in a single integrated Nordic electricity market. This paper performs an econometric study of market power in the spot market of Nord Pool, the joint Nordic power exchange. I use a dynamic extension of the Bresnahan-Lau model, and weekly data for the period from 1996 through April 1999. To my knowledge, this is the first st...

The US national power plant studies program, ARIES, has initiated a 3-year integrated study, called the “Pathways Program” to investigate what the fusion program needs to do, in addition to successful operation of the ITER, in order to transform fusion into a commercial reality. The US power industry and regulatory agencies view the demonstration power plant, DEMO, as a device which is build an...