Teacher enthusiasm and its impact on students’ learning and emotions have remained unnoticed in the realm of second language learning and teaching. This study aimed at exploring the possibility of boosting language teacher enthusiasm and its potential relationship with language learners’ effort and attitude for language learning. In order to foster teacher enthusiasm, the highly novel concept o...

BACKGROUND Pharmacological cognitive enhancement, using chemicals to change cellular processes in the brain in order to enhance one's cognitive capacities, is an often discussed phenomenon. The prevalence among Dutch university students is unknown. METHODS The study set out to achieve the following goals: (1) give an overview of different methods in order to assess the prevalence of use of pr...

We examined 393 African American married couples assigned to (a) a culturally sensitive version of a widely disseminated relationship enhancement program (CSPREP); (b) a similar version of the same program that also included a focus on prayer (PFP condition); or (c) an information-only control condition in which couples received a self-help version of the same program. Husbands averaged 40.5 ye...

The single muscle fiber preparation provides an excellent tool for studying the mechanical behaviour of the contractile system at sarcomere level. The present article gives an overview of studies based on intact single fibers from frog and mouse skeletal muscle. The following aspects of muscle function are treated: (1) The length-tension relationship. (2) The biphasic force-velocity relationshi...

We carefully investigate the structure of singleand multifrequency imaging functions, that are usually employed in inverse scattering problems. Based on patterns of the singular vectors of the Multi-Static Response (MSR) matrix, we establish a relationship between imaging functions and the Bessel function. This relationship indicates certain properties of imaging functions and the reason behind...

background imaging plays a critical role not only in the detection, but also in the characterization of lung masses as benign or malignant. objectives to determine the diagnostic accuracy of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (mri) in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lung masses. patients and methods ninety-four masses were included in this prospective study. five dynamic seri...