In this article, the U.S. and southern Canadian natural gas supply market is considered. An important model for oil and natural gas supply is the Hubbert curve. Not all regions of the world are producing oil or natural gas following a Hubbert curve, even when price and market conditions are accounted for. One reason is that institutions are affecting supply. We investigate the possible effects ...

Selective filtration of gas, water, and liquid or gaseous oil is essential to prevent possible environmental pollution and machine/facility malfunction in oil-based industries. Novel materials and structures able to selectively and efficiently filter liquid and vapor in various types of solutions are therefore in continuous demand. Here, we investigate selective gas-water-oil filtration using t...

A number of commercial processes are available for removing hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from natural gas, tail gas from the Claus Process (containing un-reactive sulfur compounds, particularly CS2 and COS), coke-oven gas, pyrolysis gas and solution tail gas from heavy oil production. These processes are often limited by economics and technology. In the economic range from about 0.1 to 15 tons sulfur...

In this study, cattle manure was converted to bio-oil by subcritical hydrothermal liquefaction in the presence of NaOH. The effects of conversion temperature, process gas, initial conversion pressure, residence time and mass ratio of cattle manure to water on the bio-oil yield were studied. The bio-oil was characterized in terms of elemental composition, higher heating value, ultraviolet-visibl...

This paper describes a laboratory method for treatment of used engine oil FENIX SUPERIOR SAE 15W-40 with intention to decrease of sulfur and selected metal content at acceptable level. FENIX SUPERIOR SAE 15W-40, produced by manufacturer Joint Stock Company FAM Krusevac, is used for lubrication of the most modern four-stroke diesel and gas engines of passenger and commercial vehicles, engine con...

A toxicological study was conducted to evaluate the potential conflict between extended consumption of hemp food products and workplace drug-testing programs in the United States. Fifteen volunteers ingested hemp/canola oil blends containing four different concentrations of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), each over a 10-day period. Corresponding THC doses ranged from 0.09 to 0.6 milligrams p...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiplaque effect of a new alcohol free essential oil mouthwash with respect to a control of an essential oil with alcohol mouthwash, using an in vivo plaque regrowth model of 3-days. METHODS The study was designed as a double-masked, randomized, crossover clinical trial, involving 30 volunteers to compare two different essential oil contai...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the essential oils isolated from flower and leaf in order to get insight into similarities and differences as to their aroma-active composition. The essential oil obtained from the two parts were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography olfactometry (GC-O). Flower and leaf oils, 38 and 36 constituents, representing 9...

The aim of this research was to evaluate acute toxicity of the essential oil of leaves of Chinese chives, Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Spreng (Asparagales: Alliaceae) and its major constituents against Apolygus lucorum Meyer-Dür (Hemiptera: Miridae). The essential oil of A. tuberosum leaves was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrome...