background: early detection and screening have been successful in reducing mortality in some countries, but not in others. this is most of due to poor management and implementation of inappropriate policies. all of patients with cervical cancer are in developing countries. the effectiveness of screening for cancer of the cervix in these countries is dramatic. it seems that after 50 years pap sm...

results like other cancers, prostate cancer is caused by an accumulation of genetic alterations in a cell that drives it to malignant growth. specific genes and gene alterations have been suggested to play a role in its development and progression. aneuploidy, loss of heterozygosity, gene mutations, hypermethylation and inactivation of specific tumour suppressor genes such as gstpi, apc, mdr1, ...

breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death in female, after lung cancer. angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth and metastasis; therefore, antiangiogenesis strategies for treatment of cancer are currently an issue of interest. the role of vascular endothelial growth factor that assumed to be most potent angiogenesis factor is ambiguous in breast cancer. this study descri...

na

mirs are 17-25 nucleotide non-coding rnas. these rnas target approximately 80% of protein coding mrnas. mirs control gene expression and altered expression of them affects the development of cancer. mirs can function as tumor suppressor via down-regulation of proto-oncogenes and may function as oncogenes by suppressing tumor suppressors. myeloproliferative neoplasias (formerly known as chronic ...

exudative retinal detachment (erd) may be seen with many ocular pathologies including malignancies. among malignant causes, metastases of breast and lung carcinoma are most common. a 50-year-old woman referred to our clinic with history of decreased visual acuity in her right eye since 3 months before referral. the visual acuity was counting fingers at 2 meters and 6/10 in the right and left ey...

purpose: to determine the effect of intravitreal triamcinolone (ivt) injection on visual acuity in patients with ischemic central retinal occlusion (crvo). methods: this randomized clinical trial was performed on patients with ischemic crvo referred to the retina clinic at feiz hospital in 2007-2008. inclusion criteria were: duration of crvo less than one month, normal iop, no sign of diabetic ...

BACKGROUND Myeloproliferative neoplasms constitute a group of diverse chronic myeloid malignancies that share pathogenic features such as acquired mutations in the JAK2, TET2, CBL and MPL genes. There are recent reports that a JAK2 gene haplotype (GGCC or 46/1) confers susceptibility to JAK2 mutation-positive myeloproliferative neoplasms. The aim of this study was to examine the role of the JAK...

Background: Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) are a group of genetic disorders with high degrees of clinical, genetic and allelic heterogeneity. IRDs generally show progressive retinal cell death resulting in gradual vision loss. IRDs constitute a broad spectrum of disorders including retinitis pigmentosa and Leber congenital amaurosis. In this study, we performed genotyping studies to identify...