Recent research has demonstrated that some households cut back on expenditures in an unemployment spell. Moreover, some of these households respond to variation in the transitory income provided by unemployment insurance benefits. This suggests that these households are constrained in the sense that they respond to variations in current income even if these do not have any permanent impact. In ...

This paper investigates the individual investor trading in both closed-end funds and individual stocks. By examining the short-horizon dynamic relation between net individual investor trading of closed-end funds and the fund discounts, we find evidence consistent with the notion that both the level and the changes in close-end fund discounts are good proxies for individual investor sentiment. U...

The current system of managing fish stocks in the North Atlantic is failing: many key stocks are at historically low levels and fishing effort is being restricted while capacity remains high. The traditional scientific approach used by International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) to provide advice on fish stocks is based on complex analytical models of the fishery that require de...

BACKGROUND Determining national carbon stocks is essential in the framework of ongoing climate change mitigation actions. Presently, assessment of carbon stocks in the context of greenhouse gas (GHG)-reporting on a nation-by-nation basis focuses on the terrestrial realm, i.e., carbon held in living plant biomass and soils, and on potential changes in these stocks in response to anthropogenic ac...

Extension of the rotation length in forest management has been highlighted in Article 3.4 of the Kyoto Protocol to help the countries in their commitments for reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. CO2FIX Model Ver.3.2 was used to examine the dynamics of carbon stocks (C stocks) in a rubber plantation in South Western China with the changing rotation lengths. To estimate the efficiency of incre...

Forests are one of the most important carbon sinks on Earth. However, owing to the complex structure, variable geography, and large area of forests, accurate estimation of forest carbon stocks is still a challenge for both site surveying and remote sensing. For these reasons, the Kyoto Protocol requires the establishment of methodologies for estimating the carbon stocks of forests (Kyoto Protoc...

Two types of honey bees, Apis mellifera L., bred for resistance to Varroa destructor Anderson & Trueman, were evaluated for performance when used for honey production in Montana, and for almond pollination the following winter. Colonies of Russian honey bees and outcrossed honey bees with Varroa-sensitive hygiene (VSH) were compared with control colonies of Italian honey bees. All colonies were...

Previous research suggests that individual investor sentiment has incremental explanatory power for returns of small cap stocks, value stocks, stocks with low institutional ownership, and stocks with lower prices (Kumar and Lee (2003)) and that there is a strong link between institutional sentiment and the returns of large stocks (Brown and Cliff (2004)). With respect to return volatility, Jack...

Manipulation is an important issue for both developed and emerging stock markets. Many efforts have been made to detect manipulation in stock markets. However, it is still an open problem to identify the fraudulent traders, especially when they collude with each other. In this paper, we focus on the problem of identifying the anomalous traders using the transaction data of eight manipulated sto...