In wet soils, zones of saturation naturally develop in the vicinity of impermeable strata, surface ponds and subterranean cavities. Hydrology must be then concerned with transient flow through coexisting unsaturated and saturated zones. The models of advancing saturated zones necessarily involve a nonlinear free boundary problem. A closed-form analytic solution is presented for a nonlinear diff...

Tribology involves the study of friction, wear, lubrication, and adhesion, including biomimetic superhydrophobic and icephobic surfaces. The three aspects of icephobicity are the low ice adhesion, repulsion of incoming water droplets prior to freezing, and delayed frost formation. Although superhydrophobic surfaces are not always icephobic, the theoretical mechanisms behind icephobicity are sim...

Visual predation by nocturnal zooplanktivorous fish is assumed to be sufficiently limited to allow the evolution of vertical migration as means for predation avoidance by zooplankton. However, in situ measurements of predation rates by nocturnal fish are lacking. Most of our knowledge of this predation is based on stomach contents and laboratory experiments. Our objectives were to measure the i...

Saturated hydraulic conductivity of Soil is an important property in processes involving water and solute flow in soils. Saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil is difficult to measure and can be highly variable, requiring a large number of replicate samples. In this study, 60 sets of soil samples were collected at Saqhez region of Kurdistan province-IRAN. The statistics such as Correlation Co...

This research offers a combination of experimental and artificial approaches to estimate the dilatancy point under different coal conditions develop an early warning system. The effect water content on was investigated uniaxial loading in three distinct states coal: dry, natural, water-saturated. Results showed that stiffness-stress curve affected differently at various stages process. Crack cl...

A supercritical methanol transesterification method was applied to produce biodiesel from the high-acid oil of soybean soapstock. The fuel properties of biodiesel produced with various molar ratios of methanol to raw oil were analyzed and compared in this experimental study. Oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), and palmitic acid (C16:0) were the three main compounds in the high-acid oil-b...

The effect of drainage front morphology on gaseous diffusion through partially saturated porous media is analyzed using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). Flow regimes for immiscible displacement in porous media have been characterized as stable displacement, capillary fingering, and viscous fingering. The dominance of a flow regime is associated with the relative magnitudes of gravity, viscou...

Saturated concrete is significantly different from dry in fracture mechanical properties. Using the wedge-splitting tensile method to research rule of change moisture content, double-K toughness and energy three strength grades (C20, C30, C40) immersed a free water environment for 0 h, 2 5 24 120 h were studied order provide support safety evaluation structures environment. The initial cracking...

The ‘integral’ test method aims at the simultaneous determination of chloride migration rate and threshold content. This information is required for durability performance design reinforced concrete structures in marine environment. Standard tests are generally designed to be applied on saturated samples improve their repeatability reproducibility, but this condition differs from actual conditi...