Forest community structure may be influenced by seedling density dependence, however, the effect is loosely coupled with population dynamics and diversity in the short term. In the long term the strength of conspecific density dependence may fluctuate over time because of seedling abundance, yet few long-term studies exist. Based on 11 years of seedling census data and tree census data from a 2...

Low seedling quality is a pervasive problem for smallholder forestry in the Philippines. Intervention measures to improve seedling quality are being examined in a research project funded by the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research. Field trials have been established as part of this ‘seedling enhancement project’ to compare performance on outplanting of Gmelina arborea when ...

effect of free and symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria on seed and seedling produced seeds under deficit irrigation was conducted in laboratory and field experiments in 2006. in laboratory of karaj’s seed and plant research and certificate institute an experiment was conducted based on factorial in form of completely randomized design with four replications and in field’s of islamic azad univers...

a semi-automatic 9-row transplanter for bare root seedlings has recently been developed at the isfahan center for agricultural research that plants 80 seedlings/m2 using 9 operators at a capacity of 0.3 ha/d (8 h). separating a single seedling from a bunch and dropping it into a distributer cell by hand takes 1 s on average. at a density of 700-800 thousand/ha, the travel speed should not excee...

a paper-pot transplanter was designed, developed and evaluated in the field by transplanting sugar beet seedlings grown in paper pots. a ground-driven counter wheel equipped with an infra-red sensor measures the traveled distance and sends the corresponding signals to a micro-controller. a step motor controlled by the micro-controller turns the driving shaft of the paper-pot metering mechanism ...