The urban public transport network (UPTN) in Nanjing is characterized by a complex network with topological pedestals. The empirical data indicates that it is a small-world network. Under malicious attack to the high connectivity nodes of the network, the average pathlength will increase 2.5 times, the reliability and traffic capacity of the UPTN will greatly decline, and the travel expenditure...

One of the most important features observed in real networks is that, as a network’s topology evolves so does the network’s ability to perform various complex tasks. To explain this, it has also been observed that as a network grows certain subnetworks begin to specialize the function(s) they perform. Here, we introduce a class of models of network growth based on this notion of specialization ...

Real-world social and economic networks typically display a number of particular topological properties, such as a giant connected component, a broad degree distribution, the small-world property and the presence of communities of densely interconnected nodes. Several models, including ensembles of networks, also known in social science as Exponential Random Graphs, have been proposed with the ...

in this work, we report results of calculations based on the density functional theory of different species metal-ozone, containing mercury, silver and gold. the chosen species range from small molecules and large transition-metal containing ozone with mercury, silver and gold complexes. a comparative analysis of the description of the metal-oxygen bond obtained by different methodologies is pr...

In this paper, we study the evolution of the Internet topology over the last three years. We study the evolution at three different levels: a) each node individually, b) the network as a whole, c) the path level. First, we find that the degrees of the nodes increase in a “rich get richer” fashion: the increase is proportional to the degree of the node. Second, we identify that new edges prefer ...

A circuit topology that provides large bandwidth single-ended to differential conversion is presented. The proposed cell is based on a differential pair where feedback on common mode signal provides about 6 dB conversion gain increase, together with attenuation of common mode signal. Small-signal characterisation is presented, based on a block decomposition of the cell. Measurements on a SiGe t...

The prevalent strategy in the topology optimization phase is to select a subset of members existing in an excessively connected truss, called Ground Structure, such that the overall weight or cost is minimized. Although finding a good topology significantly reduces the overall cost, excessive growth of the size of topology space combined with existence of varied types of design variables challe...