Background and Aim: Due to the importance of the cost of traffic  injuries, in addition to mental and social suffering, as well as the increasing trend of accident statistics and the lack of information about the cost estimation based on a willingness to pay model, this research was conducted on the findings of traffic injuries in 2021. Materials and Methods: The research was done by descr...

the methods which are used to analyze microstrip antennas, are divited into three categories: empirical methods, semi-empirical methods and full-wave analysis. empirical and semi-empirical methods are generally based on some fundamental simplifying assumptions about quality of surface current distribution and substrate thickness. thses simplificatioms cause low accuracy in field evaluation. ful...

the debate whether esp teachers need to have knowledge of the specialized field they are teaching has been an issue in the literature over the last two decades. the aim of conducting this study was to explore iranian learners’ and instructors’ beliefs and attitudes concerning the role of specialized knowledge in teaching esp classes. a seventeen item questionnaire was administered to 400 esp le...

abstract nowadays, industries cannot play a crucial role in national and international competitions. the tourism industry is no exception. tourism industry development as the most important economic sector and income generation is one of the key challenges of economic development in the world. therefore, countries were successful that take advantage of the capabilities of tourism sector using ...

abstract the current study sets out 1) to investigate the strategic needs of iranian efl learners in reading literary and non-literary texts; 2) to shed some light on the differences between reading literary and non-literary texts; and 3) to specify the differences in the interaction of participants with texts while reading two literary subgenres ( i.e., short story and literary essays). to ...

          To determine the distribution of lead in ambient air of Hamadan, 100    samples were taken in different places from December 1997 until June 1998.           The places of samples collection , were divided to three locations in    street (high traffic, medium traffic and...

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  Introduction: Immigration is known as an effective factor in crime. The probable assumption is that this factor can also contribute to the spread of addiction. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of migration on the prevalence of addiction. Methods: The study population consisted of all drug addicts referring to well-being centers and addiction treatment cam...