Tryptophanase (Trpase) is a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent homotetrameric enzyme which catalyzes the degradation of L-tryptophan. Trpase is also known for its cold lability, which is a reversible loss of activity at low temperature (2°C) that is associated with the dissociation of the tetramer. Escherichia coli Trpase dissociates into dimers, while Proteus vulgaris Trpase dissociates in...

The GroE chaperone system consists of two ring-shaped oligomeric components whose association creates different functional states. The most remarkable property of the GroE system is the ability to fold proteins under conditions where spontaneous folding cannot occur. To achieve this, a fully functional system consisting of GroEL, the cochaperone GroES, and ATP is necessary. Driven by ATP bindin...

In 1898, Friedrich Loeffler and Paul Frosch reported on the identification of a filterable agent that was the cause of foot and mouth disease in livestock (Levine 2001). This was the first identification of a vertebrate virus, shortly after the isolation of the tobacco mosaic virus by Dimitrii Ivanovsky in 1892 (Horzinek 1997). Since these initial discoveries, we have come to appreciate how the...

This paper goes beyond recognizing human actions from a fixed view and focuses on action recognition from an arbitrary view. A novel learning algorithm, called latent kernelized structural SVM, is proposed for the view-invariant action recognition, which extends the kernelized structural SVM framework to include latent variables. Due to the changing and frequently unknown positions of the camer...

Based on a series of known and new examples, we propose the generalized setting of “distance from triviality” measurement as a reasonable and prospective way of determining useful structural problem parameters in analyzing computationally hard problems. The underlying idea is to consider tractable special cases of generally hard problems and to introduce parameters that measure the distance fro...

Recent 3-D structures of several intermediates in the photocycle of bacteriorhodopsin (bR) provide a detailed structural picture of this molecular proton pump in action. In this review, we describe the sequence of conformational changes of bR following the photoisomerization of its all-trans retinal chromophore, which is covalently bound via a protonated Schiff base to Lys216 in helix G, to a 1...

ION PROCESSES DURING CONCEPT LEARNING: A STRUCTURAL VIEW Janice Skorstad Dedre Gentner Doug Medin Computer Science Department Psychology Department Psychology Department University of Illinois University of Illinois University of Illinois

Structural health monitoring and damage detection is one of the most important subjects for mechanic and aerospace engineers. Structural fault can cause uncompensated problems for both human and environment. There are several methods for solving this problem, but the most useful methods are those which focuse on structural change in the vibrational properties. This paper presents a feasibility ...

Structural view To understand a software component with this view, the user model need represent user's knowledge of the computer language's syntax. Typically, the component is expressed as an abstract syntax tree. The vocabularies used in this view are based on syntactic grammar (data structure etc.) For example, the structural description for the software component stack will be either a link...

â â â  some of the necessary approaches to access the sustainable and balanced development process for investment and fulfillment of developmen projects are spatial planning, determining operational scales and locating tourism centers scientifically. in this paper as part of the results of a great research project in bazoft area of chaharmahal bakhteari, over of functional-structural view, with...