We demonstrate the fabrication by direct laser writing and the operation of a directional coupler containing Bragg gratings in each waveguide. We achieve high-precision control over the longitudinal shift between the gratings, which feature first-order Bragg resonance at telecommunication wavelengths. We observe fundamental differences between light transmission characteristics in couplers with...

Tingping Zhang 1,2,* and Guan Gui 3 1 School of Information Science and Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China 2 College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China 3 Institute of Signal Transmission and Processing, College of Telecommunication and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, Chi...

INTRODUCTION RAPID advancement of semiconductor integratedcircuit technology has reduced the cost of mobile telecommunication terminals year by year. The global systems for mobile communications (GSM),1) which was standardized mainly by European countries, has enhanced the large scale integration of radio-frequency circuits because mobile telecommunication systems of European countries do not r...

The IPsec protocol provides a mechanism to enforce a range of security services for both confidentiality and integrity, enabling secure transmission of information across networks. Dynamic parameterization of IPsec, via the KeyNote trust management system, further enables security mechanisms to adjust the level of security service “on-the-fly” to respond to changing network and operational cond...

This paper proposes a method for extending the ability of rotary power flow controller (RPFC) using tap-changer of the RPFC’s transformers. A detailed model of the device is presented to analyze the effects of the tap changer operation on the performance of the RPFC. To evaluate the results, the RPFC model is simulated using PSCAD/EMTDC software. Dynamic operation of the RPFC on a 400 kV transm...

This article is aimed at modeling of transmission line inspection robot in order to improve the mechanical mechanism and achieving dynamical stability to navigate through overhead electrical transmission lines while passing obstacles. A new mechanical mechanism design is developed that allows robot navigate more stable than current commercial inspection systems. The behavior of investigation ma...

Transmission line pulse (TLP) measurements are used to demonstrate that oxynitride breakdown projections from DC measurements using conventional area and voltage-scaling techniques can be extended to the nanosecond timescale. ESD protection systems can thus be designed to prevent dielectric breakdown. Important concepts in gate dielectric breakdown such as the anode–hole injection model and are...

Investigation on the relative phase evolution between two bounded optical solitons is essential for its potential applications in development of larger telecommunication capacity fiber transmission lines, resolution improvement advancing ultrafast characterization approaches and all-optical information storage. Here we characterized comb-line jitter power spectral density (PSD) a soliton molecu...