In this paper a survey of power line communications has been presented. As power line distribution networks are available in almost each building that is mainly used for the supply of electrical power, it will be very interesting if such media could be used for the transmission of data. The demand of low cost telecommunication, broadband and access to internet services is increasing day by day ...

this paper proposes an optimal transmission expansion planning (tep) which is based on determining share of each line in merchandizing surplus (ms) of system, determining by independent system operator (iso). the more share of a line in ms of system denotes the priority of a line for expansion. the procedure of determining ms of each line in a power system is based on determining the ms share o...

We demonstrate numerically that sharp 90° bends and T-splitters can be designed in plasmonic coaxial waveguides at deep-subwavelength scale to operate without reflection and radiation over a broad range of wavelengths, including the telecommunication wavelength of 1.55 μm. We explain the principles of the operation using a transmission line model of the waveguide in the quasi-static limit. The ...

this paper proposes a new method for transmission loss allocation. the share of each bus in the transmission line losses is determined using transmission line loss equations with respect to bus-injected currents. then, it is applied to the total network transmission lines. in the proposed method, comparing with other methods, a solution to remove the negative loss allocation has been introduced...

Microwave line of sight transmission is one several media in modern commutation. An important part microwave network to account for these conditions and provide technical corrections. Currently, the Telecommunication Network (TN) between two area air traffic control centers BHANSA based on leased lines from “Consortium”, which consists three telecom operators Bosnia Herzegovina. In this way, qu...

The transmission of digital HDTV signals on satellite channels in the 20-30 GHz band is studied with the aim of designing an Italian domestic satellite, both for the exchange of programs among production centers and for direct broadcasting to end-users. Previous work on the definition of the system architecture and of the payloads is first briefly summarized. The transmission impairments due to...

In this prospective work, we analyze the behavior of a quantum-well microcavity saturable absorber component cascaded into a 100-km SMF RZ transmission line in order to annihilate the ghost-pulse phenomenon in the following simplified “...010101...” 160-Gbit/s 2bit pattern at 1555 nm. Recirculating-loop experiments show a maximal ghost-pulse extinction up to 11.6 dB as well as an intensity exti...

This paper presents an algorithm for the evaluation of currents and voltages along a multi-conductor transmission line having non-linear impedances due to presence ferromagnetic conductors; we assume that these are function current carried by relevant conductor so equivalent circuit modelling is has be solved means iterative procedure. The present can considered as generalization our previous w...