Optimal control theory was applied to the process of batch beer fermentation. The performance functional considered was a weighted sum of maximum ethanol production and minimum time. Calculations were based on the model of Engasser et al. modified to include temperature effects. Model parameters were determined from isothermal batch fermentations. The fermentor cooling duty was the single avail...

In this paper, we propose an adaptive control scheme for a class of nonlinear time-delay systems. To alleviate the requirement for accurate modeling of the plant, a two-level robust control scheme was proposed. The inner-level adaptive neural controller is responsible for accurate servo control, while the outer-level supervising controller compensates for un-modeled system dynamics and bounded ...