Rapid eye movements include saccades and quick phases of nystagmus and may have components around all three axes of ocular rotation: horizontal, vertical, and torsional. In this study, we recorded horizontal, vertical, and torsional eye movements in normal subjects with their heads upright and stationary. We asked how the eyes are brought back to Listing's plane after they are displaced from it...

The flow of a couple stress fluid generated by performing longitudinal and torsional oscillations of a porous circular cylinder subjected to constant suction at the surface of the cylinder is studied. A finite difference method is proposed to analyze the velocity components, in an infinite expanse of an incompressible couple stress fluid under vanishing couple stresses of type A condition or su...

ABSTRACT. This paper is concerned with the torsional vibrations of a nonhomogeneous magnetostrictive elastic cylinder. The cylinder is subjected to the action of a circumferential magnetic field produced by an axial current of constant density and the deformation of a magnetostrictive cylinder is produced by a constant longitudinal magnetic field. The frequency equation is determined, and the d...

This paper reports the design, simulation, fabrication, and experimental testing of a low-frequency piezoelectric energy harvester fabricated using screen-printing technology. A centrally supported meandering geometry is chosen to reduce the torsional mode effects during the unit vibrations and to achieve better power efficiency. The design experiences alternating stress along the beams and a s...

Turbo-generator shafts are often subjected to complex dynamic torsional loadings, resulting in generation and propagation of circumferential cracks. Mode III fatigue crack growth generally results in a fracture surface consisting of peaks and valleys, resembling a factory roof. The fracture surface roughness depends on the material microstructure, the material yield strength, and the applied cy...

This paper introduces an experimental technique to investigate dynamic friction characteristics of sliding interfaces at normal pressures up to 125 MPa, slip speeds up to 15 m/s and slip distances of approximately 10 mm. This new apparatus involves a novel modification of the conventional torsional Kolsky bar apparatus employed extensively in the past to investigate high-strain-rate behavior of...

Rotating shafts are important and responsible components of many machines, such as power generation plants, aircraft engines, machine tool spindles, etc. A transverse shaft crack can occur due to cyclic loading, creep, stress corrosion, and other mechanisms to which rotating machines are subjected. If not detected early, the developing shaft crack can lead to a serious machine damage resulting ...

DNA-binding small molecules are widespread in the cell and heavily used in biological applications. Here, we use magnetic tweezers, which control the force and torque applied to single DNAs, to study three small molecules: ethidium bromide (EtBr), a well-known intercalator; netropsin, a minor-groove binding anti-microbial drug; and topotecan, a clinically used anti-tumor drug. In the low-force ...