Population size of species with birth-pulse life-cycles varies both within and between seasons, but most population dynamics models assume that a can be characterised adequately by single number season. However, within-season sometimes too substantial to ignored when modelling seasons. Typical examples are insect populations or migratory animals. Numerous for only between-season exist, very few...

Abstract The capacity to devise order metrics characterize and classify microstructures of multiphase heterogeneous media across length scales is an outstanding but highly challenging task, given the richness possible geometries topologies phases that can arise. This investigation initiates a program formulate degree order/disorder two-phase in <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.o...

the purpose of the present study is to develop appropriate scoring scales for each of the defined stages of the writing process, and also to determine to what extent these scoring scales can reliably and validly assess the performances of efl learners in an academic writing task. two hundred and two students’ writing samples were collected after a step-by-step process oriented essay writing ins...

The concept of fuzzy random variable has been applied in several papers to model the present value of life insurance liabilities. It allows the fuzzy uncertainty of the interest rate and the probabilistic behaviour of mortality to be used throughout the valuation process without any loss of information. Using this framework, and considering a triangular interest rate, this paper develops closed...

abstract drought is a natural creeping event that starts due to lower moisture compared to normal condition. this phenomenon impacts all aspects of human activities. however there is neither any detailed definition nor a general and proper index for drought monitoring. in this study, fuzzy logic has been applied to deal with inherent uncertainties of the real world data. we presented a fuzzy mo...