The earned value technique is a crucial and important technique in analysis and control the performance and progress of mega projects by integrating three elements of them, i.e., time, cost and scope. This paper proposes a new version of earned value analysis (EVA) to handle uncertainty in mega projects under interval-valued fuzzy (IVF)-environment. Considering that uncertainty is very common i...

A discharge uncertainty envelope is presented that provides an observation error model for data assimilation (DA) using observations derived from measurement of stage a rating curve. It uniquely represents the curve representation error, which due to scale and process incompatibility between hydrodynamic “true” discharge, within model. Ensemble methods, specifically, iterative ensemble smoother...

Reliability analysis and trade-offs between safety cost with insufficient data represent an inevitable problem during the early stage of structural design. In this paper, efficient uncertainty theory-based reliability a design method are proposed under epistemic uncertainty. The factors influencing structure regarded as uncertain variables. Based on this, new metric termed measure is employed t...