In this work, the capacitated location-routing problem with simultaneous pickup and delivery (CLRP-SPD) is considered. This problem is a more realistic case of the capacitated location-routing problem (CLRP) and belongs to the reverse logistics of the supply chain. The problem has many real-life applications of which some have been addressed in the literature such as management of liquid petrol...

The location-routing problem is the most significant and yet new research field in location problems that considers simultaneously vehicle routing problem features with original one for achieving high-quality integrated distribution systems in beside of the global optimum. Simultaneous pickup and delivery based on time windows are the two main characteristics of logistic management that have be...

This work introduces the Green Vehicle Routing Problem (GVRP). The GVRP is an extension of the well-known vehicle routing problem (VRP). Moreover, the GVRP includes an objective function that minimizes weighted distance. Minimizing weighted distance reduces fuel consumption and consequently CO2 emissions. Therefore, the GVRP is more environmentally friendly than traditional versions of the VRP....

This paper addresses the Vehicle Routing Problem with Delivery Time Cost. This problem aims to find a set of routes of minimal total costs including the travelling cost and delivery time cost, starting and ending at the depot, in such a way that each customer is visited by one vehicle given the capacity of the vehicle to satisfy a specific demand. In this research, a hybrid metaheuristic approa...

The Two-Echelon Routing Problem constitutes a class of combinatorial optimization problems with applications in many different fields such as city logistic planning, intermodal transportation, postal and parcel delivery distribution systems and so on. This thesis contains: a survey of the main contributions related to the two-echelon routing, focusing on the Two-Echelon Location Routing Problem...

1. Summary 2 1.1 Uncertainty of input parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.2 Availability of input parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.3 Commodity handling patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.4 Classification of methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

Environmental, social and political pressures to limit the impacts associated with green house gas (GHG) emissions are mounting rapidly. To date there has been no or limited research which seeks to reduce emissions as the primary objective of a routing problem despite the fast growth and high impact of commercial vehicles. In the capacitated vehicle routing problem with time windows (VRPTW), it...

In this paper, we study a rich vehicle routing problem incorporating various complexities found in real-life applications. The General Vehicle Routing Problem (GVRP) is a combined load acceptance and generalised vehicle routing problem. Among the real-life requirements are time window restrictions, a heterogeneous vehicle fleet with different travel times, travel costs and capacity, multi-dimen...

In this paper the Hybrid Vehicle Routing Problem (HVRP) is introduced and formalized. This problem is an extension of the classical VRP in which vehicles can work both electrically and with traditional fuel. The vehicle may change propulsion mode at any point of time. The unitary travel cost is much lower for distances covered in the electric mode. An electric battery has a limited capacity and...

I the small package shipping industry (as in other industries), companies try to differentiate themselves by providing high levels of customer service. This can be accomplished in several ways, including online tracking of packages, ensuring on-time delivery, and offering residential pickups. Some companies want their drivers to develop relationships with customers on a route and have the same ...