Nowadays, consumption of whole flours and flours with high extraction rate is recommended, because of their high amount of fibers, vitamins and minerals. Despite nutritional benefits of whole flour, concentration of some undesirable components such as phytic acid is higher than white flour. In this study, effect of several lactic acid bacteria sourdough on Toast bread is investigated. Sourdough...

The ability of four Lactobacillus strains - Lactobacillus brevis LBRZ7 (isolated from fermented cabbage), Lactobacillus plantarum LBRZ12 (isolated from fermented cabbage), Lactobacillus fermentum LBRH9 (of human origin) and Lactobacillus casei ssp. rhamnosus LBRC11 (isolated from home-made cheese) - to grow in flour/water environment and to accumulate high concentrations of viable cells was exa...

Soy peroxidase enzyme obtained from isoelectic precipitation procedures was added to all-purpose flour (APF) to assess its effects on the rheological properties and consumer acceptability of yeast bread. A pH 4.8 isoelectrically precipitated fraction from soybeans was used because it produced the most precipitate and had about the same peroxidase activity as the other fractions. Gluten strength...

A total of 181 wheat flour and 142 wheat-based foods including dried noodle, steamed bread and bread collected in China were analyzed for alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), tentoxin (TEN) and tenuazonic acid (TeA) by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. TeA was the predominant toxin found in 99.4% wheat flour samples at le...

Enzymes are useful to modify wheat proteins to preserve the gas better and to correct the rheological properties of the dough of weak flour and bread. Gluten proteins are highly impacting the quality of various gluten-based products, and transglutaminases (TGs) leading to the strengthening, stability and constancy of the dough as well as the improvement of the volume, texture and storage time o...

OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy of dust respirators in preventing asthma attacks in patients with occupational asthma (asthma induced by buckwheat flour or wheat flour). METHODS The effect of the work environment was examined in two patients with occupational asthma with and without the use of a commercially available mask or a dust respirator. Pulmonary function tests were performed immedi...

BACKGROUND Various botanical and structural characteristics of starchy food modify the postprandial glucose and insulin responses in humans. OBJECTIVE We investigated what factors in grain products affect human glucose and insulin responses and elucidated the mediating mechanisms. DESIGN Ten men and 10 women [mean age: 28 +/- 1 y; mean body mass index (in kg/m(2)): 22.9 +/- 0.7] with normal...

Cereal Chem. 82(2):166-172 One commercial bread wheat flour with medium strength (11.3% protein content. 14% mb) was fractionated into starch, gluten, and water solubles by hand-washing. The starch fraction was separated further into large and small granules by repeated sedimentation. Large (10-40 pm diameter) and small (1-15 pm diameter) starch fractions were examined. Flour fractions were rec...

BACKGROUND Gliadins are a major component of gluten proteins but their role in the mixing of dough is not well understood because their contribution to wheat flour functional properties are not as clear as for the glutenin fraction. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Transgenic lines of bread wheat with γ-gliadins suppressed by RNAi are reported. The effects on the gluten protein composition and ...