Synchrotron-based micro-X-ray fluorescence (XRF) combined with scanning electron microscopy-based energy dispersive micro-analysis (EDS) has been used to determine the elemental distribution of contaminants (e.g., Ni) and of chemical elements inherent to the cement matrix (e.g., Si, Ca, Al, S) in hardened cement paste. Detailed information on the cement microstructure was gained by using backsc...

Gold nanorods (GNRs) have been fabricated by a novel polymer-immobilised seed mediated method using ultraviolet (UV) photoreduced gold-polymethylmethacrylate (Au-PMMA) nanocomposites as a seed platform and characterised at sub-micron scale regime with synchrotron-based techniques; near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) mapping. In this repor...

Clay minerals are considered the most important components of clastic reservoir rock evaluation studies. The Shurijeh gas reservoir Formation, represented by shaly sandstones of the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous age, is the main reservoir rock in the Eastern Kopet-Dagh sedimentary Basin, NE Iran. In this study, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopic (S...

This paper discusses several rapid site characterization (RSC) technologies that can be used at marine sediment sites, including X-ray fluorescence (XRF) for metals, ultraviolet fluorescence (UVF) for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, QwikSed bioassay for assessing toxicity, and other techniques. Examples are provided to illustrate the efficacy of applying RSC tools to different stages of the E...

this article presents the method of extraction-preconcentration of lead, cadmium, and nickel ions from food samples using the ghezeljeh montmorillonite nanoclay (geleh-sar-shoor) as a new native adsorbent in batch single component systems. the extraction-preconcentration of heavy metals were carried out by applying the solid phase extraction (spe) method followed by atomic absorption spectrosco...

We present SwiftUVOT data on the optical afterglow of the X-ray flash of 2005 April 6 (XRF 050406) from 88 to 10 s after the initial prompt -ray emission. Our observations in the V, B, and U bands are the earliest that have been taken of an XRF optical counterpart. Combining the early-time optical temporal and spectral properties with -ray and simultaneous X-ray data taken with the BATand XRT t...

Background: People occasionally undergo medical diagnostic X-ray examinations and expose their red blood cells to radiation. Radiation that is generated from medical diagnostic X-ray machines is widely used in medical diagnoses. One of the important parameters is kilo-voltage (kV) that is applied across the X-ray tube in medical diagnostic X-ray machines. Kilo-voltage influences the radiation d...

A new micro-XRF instrument was developed in combination with an atomic force microscope (AFM). A small pinhole of 5 or 10 μm was made on the AFM cantilever. The center of the micro X-ray beam generated by a polycapillary X-ray lens was passed through the pinhole. The present experiment demonstrated that the size of the original X-ray beam of 48 μm produced by the polycapillary lens was reduced ...

Ethnohistoric accounts of late precontact Hawaiian archaic states emphasize the independence of chiefly controlled territories (ahupua'a) based on an agricultural, staple economy. However, elite control of unevenly distributed resources, such as high-quality volcanic rock for adze production, may have provided an alternative source of economic power. To test this hypothesis we used nondestructi...

In this study, Cu nanoparticles were immobilized on the surface of natural bentonite using Thymus vulgaris extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The natural bentonite-supported copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs/bentonite) were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spe...