This article focuses on the interaction between intellectual property rights (IPRs) regimes and committee-based standards development organisations (SDOs) in terms of the commodification of knowledge. IPRs and SDOs are institutions that are designed to codify technical knowledge with quite different purposes though. The resulting documents describe a private right (patent) or a public good (a s...

This paper examines the role of high-technology trade, IPRs and FDI in determining a country’s rate of innovation and economic growth. The empirical analysis is conducted using a unique panel data set of 47 developed and developing countries from 1970 to 1990. The results suggest that: (1) high-technology imports are relevant in explaining domestic innovation both in developed and developing co...

Hanan Selman Hessan and Ahmed Mohammed Abbas 563 Abstract Immune status was examined after tonsillectomy operations in 30 children with recurrent acute tonsillitis, their ages ranged between 3-10 years, were clinically diagnosed by ENT surgeon at AlHilla General Teaching Hospital and 10 apparently healthy children were included as a control in the study which lasted from February to May 2011 .I...

هديکچ ت یحارط یارب ديدج شور کي هلاقم نيا رد تيوق ارا یطخ زاف اب هدرتسگ هدننک ئ يم ه دوش . شور نيا تيوقت و لاسروسنارت لاتيجيد رتليف یژولوپوت نيب تهابش یانبم رب يم هدرتسگ هدننک دشاب . نيا یانبم رب رواجم هقبط ود نيب ريخات رادقم و هدننک تيوقت زا هقبط ره نيگ یژولوپوت رتليف هيروف طسب زا هدافتسا اب Raise Cosine يم نييعت یروط یسناکرف هلصاف رد هک دوش 0-40 GHz تيوقت یطخ زاف هصخشم یاراد هدننک دشاب ه...

* لوئســ م هدنســ يون : ،نارــ هت ناــ بايخ ،رســ نارهت ناــ بايخ رسنارهت ميرك هاگنامرد ،رفولين راولب ،بيغتسد نفلت : 44506655 email: [email protected] فده و هنيمز : اب نمزم سامت تارثا لاّلح اه ناسنا تملاس رب يلآ ي هـتفرگ رارـق يسررب دروم فلتخم تاعلاطم رد اه اب سامت نيب هجوت لباق طابترا رگناشن هك لاّلح اه تيرفنولورمولگ و تسا هدوب اه . ركراـم يسررب هعلاطم نيا زا فده يويلك تيمس هب ساسح يرا...

OBJECTIVE Evaluate parental perceptions associated with tracheostomy morbidity and quality of life in the management of Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS). STUDY DESIGN Retrospective review/survey. METHODS 42 Pierre Robin patients were identified, records were reviewed and airway assessments evaluated relative to airway compromise. Twenty patients had undergone tracheostomy. Perceptions of quality...