INTRODUCTION As cost considerations become increasingly critical when selecting optimal endovascular treatment strategies, a cost-benefit analysis was conducted comparing the Diamondback 360°® Orbital Atherectomy System (OAS) (Cardiovascular Systems, Inc., St Paul, MN, USA) and balloon angioplasty (BA) vs BA alone for treatment of calcified femoropopliteal lesions. PATIENTS AND METHODS The cl...

β-Alanine (BA) supplementation improves human exercise performance. One possible explanation for this is an enhancement of muscle contractile properties, occurring via elevated intramuscular carnosine resulting in improved calcium sensitivity and handling. This study investigated the effect of BA supplementation on in vivo contractile properties and voluntary neuromuscular performance. Twenty-t...

Bone age (BA) advancement in prepubertal children may be associated with earlier onset of puberty and obesity. This study aimed to define the effects of adrenal androgen levels on the advancement of BA in prepubertal children, independent of obesity. During July and August 2011, we examined BA in 200 prepubertal children aged 7-9 years who were part of the Ewha Birth & Growth Cohort Study. BA w...

Although the kidney is believed to play a minor role in bile acid (BA) excretion, chronic renal failure (CRF) has been reported to be associated with increased serum bile acid levels and alterations in BA homeostasis. The mechanisms for elevated BA levels are poorly understood in both clinical and experimental studies. This study was designed to examine the effects of naturally progressing CRF ...

AIM To investigate the clinical utility of biological age (BA) measurement in screening colonoscopy for the detection of colorectal adenomas in the average-risk population. METHODS A consecutive series of asymptomatic subjects aged ≥ 30 years who underwent colonoscopy in routine check-ups were enrolled. Colorectal adenoma was classified according to size, number, and location. BAs were calcul...

Betulinic acid (BA), a natural pentacyclic triterpene found in many medicinal plants is known to have various biological activity including tumor suppression and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, the cell-death induction effect of BA was investigated in BV-2 microglia cells. BA was cytotoxic to BV-2 cells with IC₅₀ of approximately 2.0 µM. Treatment of BA resulted in a dose-dependent ch...

This study aimed to analyze the impact of etiologic heterogeneity and operation age on prognosis of infants with biliary atresia (BA) who received Kasai operation prior to 60 days of age.From 2004 to 2010, 158 infants received Kasai operation before turning 60 days old. According to Davenport 2012 classifications, 4 groups of BA were defined: cystic BA, syndrome BA, and associated malformation,...

Cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) is the initiating and rate-limiting enzyme in the neutral pathway that converts cholesterol to primary bile acids (BA). CYP7A1-deficient (Cyp7a1(-/-)) mice have a depleted BA pool, diminished intestinal cholesterol absorption, accelerated fecal sterol loss, and increased intestinal cholesterol synthesis. To determine the molecular and physiological effects of...

We investigated the morphology of the N1-P2 auditory evoked potential (AEP) to changes in amplitude rise time (ART) and rate of formant transition (RFT) of consonant-vowel pairs (CVs) in 4-6-year olds and adults. In the AEP session, individuals listened passively to the CVs /ba/, /wa/, and a /ba/ with a superimposed slower-rising /wa/ envelope (/ba/wa). In the behavioral session, individuals li...