The transmission of malaria parasites depends on the presence of sexual stages (gametocytes) in the blood, making the ratio and densities of female and male gametocytes important determinants of parasite fitness. This manuscript describes the development of reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assays to separately quantify mature female and male gametocytes of the human malaria para...

A new instrument for the measurement of lactate in biological fluids, the Lactate Analyzer 640, has been evaluated. The method of use recommended by the manufacturer for blood samples was found to be inadequate. A new method of sample preparation for the instrument, based upon immediate haemolysis and fluoridation of blood, has been developed, allowing measurement of whole blood lactate concent...

Single-wall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) belong to a unique class of one-dimensional nanostrcutures due to their all-carbon structure coupled with their very high aspect (at least 1000:1) and surface-tovolume ratios. Unlike bulk wires, charge variations on the surface of CNTs cause distinct changes in their electronic properties. These aspects make CNTs promising components for electrical biosensors...

Focused acoustic energy allows accurate and precise liquid transfer on scales from picolitre to microlitre volumes. This technology was applied in protein crystallization, successfully transferring a diverse set of proteins as well as hundreds of precipitant solutions from custom and commercial crystallization screens and achieving crystallization in drop volumes as small as 20 nl. Only higher ...

Proton therapy with accelerator systems has been used in the last 30 years to destroy tumors by producing highly energetic ion beams. Although different have introduced and designed accelerate ions, superconductive cyclotron is one of most efficient treatment equipment compared other systems. In this research, design study Iranian Medical Superconducting Cyclotron (IMSIC-250) was considered. Th...