فرض کنید a یک -c*جبر باشد. تور {u a}در a+ با خاصیت u <-1 یک تقریب یکانی برای a نامیده می شود هرگاه برای < داشته باشیم <- و همچنین برای هر x در lim x(1-u ) 0a، که در این صورت lim (1-u )x 0 نیز برقرار است . می دانیم که در هر -c*جبر a پایا نامیده می شود هرگاه a و a k یکریخت باند، که kجبر عملگرهای فشرده روی فضای هیلبرت تفکیک پذیر می باشد. در این پایان نامه ما ثابن خواهیم کرد که یک -c*جبر یکانی a پا...

فرض کنیم x و y فضاهای کاملا منظم و e و f فضاهای برداری توپولوژی باشند. نگاشت خطی t? a(x,e) ?(?? ) a(y,f)بین زیر فضاهای a(x,e) و a(y,f) از c(x,e)و c(y,f)را حافظ صفر مشترک نامیم هرگاه برای هر تعداد متناهی تابع?f ?_1,...,f_n در a(x,e)که صفرهای مشترک دارند تصاویر آنها نیز تحتt صفر مشترک داشته باشند.در این پایان نامه که مرجع اصلی آن [14] و [15] می باشد نگاشتهای حافظ صفرهای مشترک را بین زیر فضاهای خا...

chapter one is devoted to a moderate discussion on preliminaries, according to our requirements. chapter two which is based on our work in (24) is devoted introducting weighted semigroups (s, w), and studying some famous function spaces on them, especially the relations between go (s, w) and other function speces are invesigated. in fact this chapter is a complement to (32). one of the main fea...

learning english is very popular all over the world nowadays and it is considered a high prestigious language among citizens of different societies. one of the most important materials for learning a new language are textbooks. the debate that whether learning a new language is natural and neutral or ideological and influential on people’s worldviews, has always been of great importance.

‎in this article‎, ‎we have focused one some basic and productive information about the properties of spectrum and singular values related to compact operators which are ideals in a c*-algebra of bounded operators‎. ‎considering a two-sided connection between the family of symmetric gauge functions on sequence of singular values of compact operators and symmetric norms on finite dimensional ope...

since the 1960s the age effects on learning both first and second language have been explored by many linguists and applied linguists (e.g lennerberg, 1967; schachter, 1996; long, 1990) and the existence of critical period for language acquisition was found to be a common ground of all these studies. in spite of some common findings, some issues about the impacts of age on acquiring a second or...

this study attempted to explore if teaching english collocations through two different modes of awareness-raising and input flooding has any possible differential effect on immediate retention as well as retention in a delayed assessment. it also compared the possible differential effect of teaching english collocations implicitly and explicitly on actively using the items in writing. m...

plagiarism in esl/efl learning contexts has been established as a dynamic and multi-layered phenomenon and has become a topic engaging many researchers in a heated debate in recent years. comparisons of student-generated texts with their source texts have shown that students rely on source texts in their writings and copying is a major strategy used by both l1 and l2 writers. in our country a...

abstract: the potato tuberworm, phthorimaea operculella (zeller), is an important insect pest of potato (solanum tuberosum l.) in the storage and field in most parts of the world especially in tropical and subtropical regions due to its close relationship with the host, high reproductive potential and high economic losses. information on host preference, life table parameters and digestive en...

چکیده : فرض کنید ?? یک دامنه کراندار با مرز هموار ??? باشد. در این رساله فرض می کنیم عملگر a دیفرانسیل غیر خود الحاقی روی فضای هیلبرت = = (?)×…× (?) (?- بار) . وابسته به فرم دو خطی زیر باشد ?? [u,v]= که d[??]= دامنه فرم دو خطی بالا باشد. a را به صورت زیر (au)(x)= ( (x) (x)q(x) u(x)), با شرایط مرزی دیرشله تعریف می کنیم. در اینجا 0??<1 و ?(x)=dist{x,?x} و برای i,j=1,2,…,n = (x)? ( ...