plants are the most sources for cadmium enters to human food and this element in food regime may be a serious threat to human health. thus, the effect of azotobacter inoculum (azotobacter chroococcum), mycorrhiza fungi (glomus intraradaices) , zinc sulphate and urea on cadmium convertation and growth parameters of fenugreek medicinal plant (trigonella foenum gracum l.) in cadmium polluted soils...

Because forest ecosystems have the capacity to store large quantities of carbon (C), there is interest in managing forests to mitigate elevated CO2 concentrations and associated effects on the global climate. However, some mitigation techniques may contrast with management strategies for other goals, such as maintaining and restoring biodiversity. Forest thinning reduces C storage in the overst...

Human activities in terrestrial landscapes, such as agriculture or urban development, often result in stressors, which can subsequently alter wetland ecosystem properties and plant community development. A complication to our understanding of plant community responses to stressors is the variation in stressor impact across wetlands of different hydrogeomorphic (HGM) subclasses. HGM classificati...

In the present study, the aboveground biomass of the understorey vegetation of boreal coniferous forests was modelled according to the percentage cover. A total of 224 observations from 22 stands in upland forests and 195 observations from 14 different studies in peatland forests were utilized for the present analyses. The relationships between biomass and percentage cover can be used in ecosys...

Several soil-borne microbes such as mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can help plants to deal with biotic and abiotic stresses via plant growth promotion and induced resistance. Such beneficial belowground microbes interact in a bidirectional way via the plant with aboveground insects such as herbivores, their natural enemies and pollinators. The role of these interacti...

We used a sample of Landsat time-series stacks (LTSS) across the conterminous U.S., calibrated with Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) plot-level biomass data to estimate 20+ year trends in live, aboveground biomass. To help overcome some of the limitations associated with optical remote sensing of biomass stocks, we employed a pixel-level curve-fitting algorithm to leverage the information co...

Rhopalosiphum padi L. causes significant damage to winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), even without obvious aboveground symptoms of injury. Our objectives were to develop a juvenile-plant bioassay for bird cherry-oat aphid (BCOA) resistance that allows rapid phenotypic differentiation. Central features of the bioassay include root and shoot weight measurements of 3-week-old seedlings produced ...

Resource pulses are occasional events of ephemeral resource superabundance that occur in many ecosystems. Aboveground consumers in diverse communities often respond strongly to resource pulses, but few studies have investigated the belowground consequences of resource pulses in natural ecosystems. This study shows that resource pulses of 17-year periodical cicadas (Magicicada spp.) directly inc...

Positive effects of dual inoculation with some combinations of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and bacteria on the growth of micropropagated potato (Solanum tuberosum) transplanted to a peat-based substrate were found in three different cultivation systems — pots, greenhouse or shadowhouse beds. Some inoculation treatments, e.g. with Glomus etunicatum, Glomus fistulosum together with bacteri...