Urbanization affects all elements of the pre-urban environment, including soils, hydrology, vegetation, and microclimate. Recently, Saudi Arabia has experienced rapid urbanization growth. Thus, country’s biodiversity been threatened. In Riyadh region, beetle assemblages were assessed along a rural-suburban-urban gradient. A total 2791 individuals from 94 species belonging to seven families coll...

Medicinal plants have long been considered for the treatment of many diseases among Iranians and in recent years use medicinal has increased. In traditional Iranian medicine, described to eliminate kidney stones, dissolve stones or prevent stone formation. Based on results Cichorium intybus L. Biarum straussii Engl., Tribulus terrestris L., Nasturtium officinale R. Br., Alhagi camelorum Fisch.,...

Nutrient allocation closely correlates plant functional traits and development to ecosystem supply services. Desert shrubs maintain the stability of desert ecosystems, whereas knowledge how they coordinate nutrients among organs is still limited when responding differing nitrogen (N) water regimes. Here we investigated allocation, composition, variability nine elements within Alhagi sparsifolia...

it is highly desirable to employ biopreservatives of the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties to avoid the side effects associated with the use of synthetic preservatives. cake batters containing essential oil extracts of some such iranian native herbs as: lemon balm (melissa officinalis), camel thorn (alhagi maurorum) and ajwain (trachyspermum copticum), were prepared. the chemical composi...

BACKGROUND According to traditional Persian medicine (TPM) resources, the human digestive system includes four steps. In the first step, gastric digestion, the ingested food pours into the stomach and changes into the leachate called chylous due to the heat produced in the stomach. In the second step, hepatic digestion, the chylous enters in the liver through mesenteric vessels and transforms i...