نتایج جستجو برای: and effectiveness

تعداد نتایج: 16870961  

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه تهران 1370

the subjects of the study are only the tefl teachers and students at gilan university. to obtain the desired data, a questionnaire which was based on the theories and disecussions gathered, was used as the main data gathering instrument. to determine the degree of relationship between variables, covariance and pearson product moment correlation coefficient were the formulas applied. the data we...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه رازی - دانشکده علوم 1389

oxidative addition reactions of 1,4-diiodo-butane and 1,3-diiodo-propane with [ptme2(ph2phen)]; in which ph2phen=4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, were studied in different solvents such as acetone and benzene.oxidative addition reaction of [pt me2(ph2phen)] with i(ch2)4i and i(ch2)3i produced the [pt me2i(ch2)4(ph2phen)i] (1a) and [pt me2i(ch2)3(ph2phen)i] (1b).all the platinum (iv) products w...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه شیراز - دانشکده ادبیات و زبانهای خارجی 1392

abstract i the purpose of this study was to launch a thorough investigation concerning the possibility of differing orientations to the writing proficiency construct by native and non-native english speaking teacher raters. it mainly revolved around the international english language testing system (ielts) that is widely administered and employed as a measure of general proficiency in englis...

Journal: :Statistics in medicine 2010
Caterina Conigliani

We consider the problem of assessing new and existing technologies for their cost-effectiveness in the case where data on both costs and effects are available from a clinical trial, and we address it by means of the cost-effectiveness acceptability curve. The main difficulty in these analyses is that cost data usually exhibit highly skew and heavy-tailed distributions, so that it can be extreme...

Journal: :Journal of health economics 2008
Jeffrey S Hoch Jeffrey D Blume

Recently, there has been much interest in using the cost-effectiveness acceptability curve (CEAC) to measure the statistical evidence of cost-effectiveness. The CEAC has two well established but fundamentally different interpretations: one frequentist and one Bayesian. As an alternative, we suggest characterizing the statistical evidence about cost-effectiveness using the likelihood function (t...

2016
Joris Hamm Petra van Bodegraven Martin Bac Jakobus M. Louw

BACKGROUND The National Department of Health of South Africa decided to start a programme to train mid-level healthcare workers, called clinical associates, as one of the measures to increase healthcare workers at district level in rural areas. Unfortunately, very little is known about the cost effectiveness of clinical associates. AIMS To determine, on a provincial level, the cost effectiven...

2008
Kevin Kennedy

We appreciate the efforts of the California Air Resources Board (CARB) to develop economic frameworks and tools for the package of policies necessary to implement California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 (AB 32) and meet the requirements of the law. These comments are submitted in anticipation of the June 3, 2008 Economic Analysis Technical Stakeholder Working Group meeting, which will f...

Journal: :JAMA 2001
J Mason N Freemantle I Nazareth M Eccles A Haines M Drummond

Because of the workings of health care systems, new, important, and cost-effective treatments sometimes do not become routine care while well-marketed products of equivocal value achieve widespread adoption. Should policymakers attempt to influence clinical behavior and correct for these inefficiencies? Implementation methods achieve a certain level of behavioral change but cost money to enact....

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