Iran-China relations are deeply rooted in history and have been enhanced recently with bilateral cooperation in the areas of energy, arms sales, trade, political cooperation and cultural ties. The objective of this paper is to analyze the role of international outsourcing in form of trading intermediate products on bilateral trade relations between Iran and China. As an empirical work, we h...

this study empirically examines whether managers manipulate reported income through the timing of sales of long-lived assets and investments. several empirical implications of the income-smoothing and debt-equity hypothesis in the context of asset sales were tested. the findings are consistent with the timing of asset sales by managers so that the recognized accounting income from these sales s...

BACKGROUND Tobacco retailers are key players in the ongoing tobacco epidemic. Tobacco outlet density is linked to a greater likelihood of youth and adult smoking and greater difficulty quitting. While public policy efforts to address the tobacco problem at the retail level have been limited, some retailers have voluntarily ended tobacco sales. A previous pilot study examined this phenomenon in ...

In recent years, performance-based contracting (PBC) has emerged as an e¤ective means to align the incentives of the …rms engaged in after-sales repair and maintenance services of highvalued and customized products, such as industrial equipment and aircraft. In particular, PBC has proved to promote improvement of product reliability, an important determinant of product performance. However, idi...

User reviews have become a popular source to assess the quality of products in consumers' purchasing decision. New insights into the effect of user reviews on product sales can be derived from examining review credibility and author popularity in our example of book sales from Amazon.com. We found that (1) average rating of reviews and diversity of ratings positively affect book sales, but (2) ...

Product variety is an important component of consumer welfare, yet many markets have historically been dominated by a small number of best-selling products. The Pareto Principle, also known as the 80/20 rule, describes this common pattern of sales concentration. However, by greatly lowering search costs, information technology in general and Internet markets in particular have the potential to ...

in this model, we establish an inventory model to determine the optimal inventory replenishment scheme for the economic production quantity (epq) model for imperfect, deteriorating items with sales return service under multiple production and rework setup. in one cycle, production process can produces the products in m production setups and reworks the defective items in one rework setup. the c...