نتایج جستجو برای: annual income
تعداد نتایج: 210143 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
BACKGROUND The number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) is increasing in the UK. This study estimated the annual population cost of providing HIV services in the UK, 1997-2006 and projected them 2007-2013. METHODS Annual cost of HIV treatment for PLHIV by stage of HIV infection and type of ART was calculated (UK pounds, 2006 prices). Population costs were derived by multiplying the number of ...
This study, conducted in India in 2005, provides evidence on Willingness to pay (WTP), gathered through a unidirectional (descending) bidding game among 3024 households (HH) in seven locations where micro health insurance units are in operation. Insured persons reported slightly higher WTP values than uninsured. About two-thirds of the sample agreed to pay at least 1%; about half the sample was...
BACKGROUND Smoking contributes to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), a leading cause of death and a large source of healthcare costs in Western countries. We examined the association between income and smoking cessation among smokers who underwent coronary angiography at the National Institute for Cardiac Surgery and Interventional Cardiology in Luxembourg. METHODS Data were derived from a follow...
BACKGROUND The adverse relationship between income and health is well documented, but less is known of how income trajectories, i.e. downward or upward trends in income, determine health. We therefore link longitudinal income information to cross-sectional data on self-rated health and conduct logistic regression models in order to investigate income trends over time and their relationship with...
Is economic well-being is accurately captured by traditional economic measures like per-capita income? This has long been a contested issue. Although everyone concedes that income is an imperfect welfare measure, conservative economists have tended to emphasize its virtues, while liberals have been more likely to stress its shortcomings. This debate is not just of philosophical interest; it als...
Prior to the last three decades, regular surveys on household income were rare or non-existent in many developed countries, making it difficult for economists to develop long-run series on income distribution. Using taxation statistics, which tend to be available over a longer time span, I propose a method for imputing the incomes of non-taxpayers, and deriving the underlying distribution of in...
Area-based markers of deprivation (e.g., postal codes) are commonly used to identify groups of people with low socioeconomic status (SES); the validity of this approach, however, remains unknown. In this study, we determined the accuracy of using income quintile groups calculated on the basis of the median family income of each forward sortation area (1996 Canadian census) to identify those liv...
The labor force participation rates of men and women aged 62-79 have notably increased since the mid-1990s. The result is a dramatic increase in the share of total money income attributable to earnings. For persons aged 65-69, the earnings share of total income increased from 28 percent in 1980 to 42 percent in 2009. For this age group in the late 1980s and early 1990s, Social Security benefits...
This note outlines the results of the annual survey of the fee income of Australian banks for 2000. This survey covers the fees that banks earn in the process of taking deposits, making loans and providing payment services to households and businesses within Australia. Results from the survey were first published in the Reserve Bank Bulletin in June 1999. The main findings of the survey are tha...
Analysts often examine the black-white test score gap conditional on family income. Typically only a current income measure is available. We investigate the importance of the income measure to the conditional black-white gap, and find that the gap conditional on observed annual income dramatically overstates the gap conditional on richer measures such as permanent income. We describe a method f...
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