background: the present work was planned to evaluate the antihyperglycemic, lipid‑lowering, and antioxidant effect of lactobacillus casei and bifidobacterium bifidum in streptozotocin (stz)‑induced diabetic rats. methods: single daily dose of 1 × 107 cfu/ml of l. casei and b. bifidum alone and in combination of both was given to wistar rats orally by gavaging for 28 days. glucose tolerance test...