This paper studies the cost requirement for two-agent collusion-proof mechanism design. Unlike the existing results for general environments with three or more agents, it is shown that collusive behavior cannot be prevented freely in two-agent nonlinear pricing environments with correlated types. Reporting manipulation calls for distortions away from the first-best efficiency, and arbitrage cal...

Implicit in the prices of traded nancial assets are Arrow-Debreu prices or, with continuous states, the state-price density (SPD). We construct a nonparametric estimator for the SPD implicit in option prices and derive its asymptotic sampling theory. This estimator provides an arbitrage-free method of pricing new, complex, or illiquid securities while capturing those features of the data that a...

Risk and return do not have the clearcut negative relationship that we assume in our textbook treatment. Industry level studies in different countries have shown that risk and return are positively related above industry median (rate of return) but negatively related below industry median (rate of return). These findings contradict any model along the line of capital asset pricing model. It als...

The role of ordinary options in facilitating the completion of securities markets is examined in the context of a model of contingent claims sufficiently general to accommodate the continuous distributions of asset pricing theory and option pricing theory. In this context, it is shown that call options written on a single security approximately span all contingent claims written on this securit...

Capital asset pricing model (CAPM) and arbitrage pricing theory (APT) are used to assess the financial performance of eight forestry-related investment vehicles.Although results from APT support previous findings from CAPM about timberland investments, three bodies of evidence show that APT findings are more robust. The major conclusions are (a) institutional timberland investments and timberla...

In this paper, we aim at introducing how one of the recently developed statistical learning techniques, temporal factor analysis (TFA), which is originally devoted for further study of the arbitrage pricing theory (APT), could be exploited in financial data mining to determine weights in portfolio optimization problem. Furthermore, we study several variants of the APT-based Sharpe ratio maximiz...

Recent research has documented the existence of common factors in individual asset’s idiosyncratic variances or squared idiosyncratic returns. We provide an Arbitrage Pricing Theory that leads to a linear factor structure for prices of squared excess returns. This pricing representation allows us to study the interplay of factors at the return level with those in idiosyncratic variances. We doc...

Consumer arbitrage affects international pricing in several ways. If all consumers face the same arbitrage costs, a monopolist's profit increases with arbitrage costs, and world welfare declines with them (if output does not rise). If arbitrage costs differ across consumers, a monopolist may sell in a second country even if there is no local demand—it can use the second country to discriminate ...