Mashhad city, the second most populous metropolis of Iran, with a population of more than three million, lies between two seismically active regions of Binalood and Kopet-Dagh. In recent years, the city has grown around the South Mashhad (SM) fault zone in the south. Given the vital role of the SM fault in influencing the seismic risk of the city, this study is aimed at the evaluation of the fa...

Article history: In Caenorhabditis elegans, W Received for publication 28 July 2008 Revised 14 January 2009 Accepted 17 January 2009 Available online 29 January 2009

This paper presents a novel approach for fault type estimation in power systems. The Fault type estimation is the first step to estimate instantaneous voltage, voltage sag magnitude and duration in a three-phase system at fault duration. The approach is based on time-domain state estimation where redundant measurements are available. The current based model allows a linear mapping between the m...

To realize the self-healing concept of smart grids, an accurate and reliable fault locator is a prerequisite. This paper presents a new fault location method for active power distribution networks which is based on measured voltage sag and use of whale optimization algorithm (WOA). The fault induced voltage sag depends on the fault location and resistance. Therefore, the fault location can be f...

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Complex, time-dependent, and asymmetric rift geometries are observed throughout the East African Rift System (EARS) well documented, for instance, in Kenya Rift. To unravel rifting processes this region, we conduct 2D geodynamic models. We use finite element software ASPECT employing visco-plastic rheologies, mesh-refinement, distributed random noise seeding, a free surface. In contrast to many...

this paper investigates asymmetric behaviors of income inequality and consumption expenditures inequalities, the relationships between them and sketches their trends in the iranian households’ survey for the period of 1979 to 2006. for this purpose, and to analyze the relationships between variables panel data methodology was employed. results indicate that all the fluctuations of income inequa...