capsules from a range of pathogenic bacteria are the key determinants of virulency. the capsule hasbeen implicated in virulence of pasteurella multocida. in this study a type-specific polymerase chain reaction(pcr) assay was used for capsular typing of 39 avian p. multocida isolates from iran. the pcr amplified afragment of 1044 bp from all of tested isolates. it was found that all avian p. mul...

Cutaneous tuberculosis (cTB) represents 1-2% of extrapulmonary [1] and is caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, africanum, microti, canetti, caprae, pinnipedii).

In early 2007, H2N3 influenza virus was isolated from a duck and a chicken in two separate poultry flocks in Ohio. Since the same subtype influenza virus with hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N) genes of avian lineage was also identified in a swine herd in Missouri in 2006, the objective of this study was to characterize and compare the genetic, antigenic, and biologic properties of the avi...

Background: Peritoneal tuberculosis accounts 1-2% of all forms of tuberculosis. Peritoneal tuberculosis is an important differential diagnosis for ovarian cancer in women with ascites, adnexal mass and elevated cancer antigen 125 (CA125) levels. We report a case of a 32- year -old woman with multiple miliary peritoneal deposits mimicking advanced ovarian carcinoma. Case Presentation: A 32-ye...

Tuberculosis and smoking are among the most pressing issues in modern health care system world. patients who smoke confirmed to have reduced effectiveness of anti-tuberculosis therapy, unsatisfactory prognosis a specific disease, higher risk treatment failure mortality from this disease. Diseases such as HIV alcoholism increase ineffective tobacco smokers. In addition, leads increased virulence...

Background & Objective: Mutations in embB306 gene and their association with resistance to ethambutol (EMB) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) have not been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the point-mutations in emb306B gene and their association with resistance to EMB in M. tuberculosis. Materials & Methods: This case (M. tuberculosis resistant to EMB...

Although Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae are the most notable mycobacterial human pathogens, Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Mycobac-terium ulcerans, and other mycobacteria are the etiology of important diseases in humans and a wide range of Moreover, species such as M. bovis represent serious zoonotic patho...

AbstractChronic sialadenitis is a disease of salivary glands associated with chronic infections,systemic diseases and silolithiasis pathogenesis of the disease. Primary tuberculoussubmandibulitis is not a reported disease. The diagnosis was confirmed whena 45 years old lady suspicious to submandibular gland tumor was operated on for excisionalbiopsy. Histological examination of the specimen by ...