Undoubted primates first appear almost synchronously in the fossil records of Asia, Europe, and North America. This temporal pattern has complicated efforts to reconstruct the early dispersal history of primates in relation to global climate change and eustatic fluctuations in sea level. Here, I describe fossils from the Tuscahoma Formation on the Gulf Coastal Plain of Mississippi documenting a...

BACKGROUND Multiple congenital ocular anomalies (MCOA) syndrome is a hereditary congenital eye defect that was first described in Silver colored Rocky Mountain horses. The mutation causing this disease is located within a defined chromosomal interval, which also contains the gene and mutation that is associated with the Silver coat color (PMEL17, exon 11). Horses that are homozygous for the dis...

Drought and mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) outbreaks have affected millions of hectares of high-elevation conifer forests in the Northern Rocky Mountains during the past century. Little research has examined the distinction between mountain pine beetle outbreaks and climatic influence on radial growth in endangered whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) ecosystems. We...

Mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) are among the most culturally and economically important large mammal species in Alaska. Due to their low population growth rates and relatively high degree of sensitivity to natural and anthropogenic disturbance, resource management decisions must be carefully evaluated to ensure sustainable populations. In this study we combined data collected from 124 GPS...

OBJECTIVES Prior evidence suggests geographic disparities in the effect of maternal education on child nutritional status between countries, between regions and between urban and rural areas. We postulated its effect would also vary by micro-geographic locations (indicated by mountain areas, plain areas and the edge areas) in a Chinese minority area. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conduc...

The Sierra Nevada mountain range consists of a vast array of different geologic features. One of these features is in the form of what are known as roof pendants. Roof pendants span through the central and southern portions of the eastern Sierra Nevada. Representing the geologic history of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in California, metamorphic roof pendants offer a glimpse into the past. T...

The Appalachian region has experienced persistently higher poverty and lower earnings than the rest of the United States. We examine whether lower skill differentials or differences in the returns to those skills lie at the root of the persistent Appalachian wage gap. Using Census data, we decompose the Appalachian wage gap using both mean and full distribution methods. Our findings suggest tha...

BACKGROUND We established a rat model of chronic mountain sickness using acetyl-L-cysteine. Then we studied the effects and mechanisms of acetyl-L-cysteine (Da) in rats with chronic mountain sickness using nuclear magnetic resonance (H1-NMR) metabolomics methods. MATERIAL AND METHODS Using NMR spectroscopy combined with pattern recognition and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant ana...

In India, Kerala state is known to have relatively high lightning incidence. The nature of spatial and temporal distribution of past incidents, type of thunderclouds which cause lightning, the topography, proximity to a mountain range and sea point to the possibility of the mountain weather aiding in Cb formation. For investigating the role of mountain weather in convective Cb formation a field...