background: asymptomatic malaria infection provides a reservoir of parasites, causing the persistence of malaria transmission. it accounts an important challenge for successful management of the control, elimination, and eradication programmes in any malaria-endemic region. this investigation was designed to assess the presence and the prevalence of asymptomatic carriers in iranshahr district o...

Abstract Host–parasite interactions include effects on both proximate and ultimate levels: parasite infections affect individual’s fitness play a significant role in shaping the life history of host species. Global environmental changes as well shifts abiotic factors might impact dynamics parasite–host interactions, especially Arctic regions, where climate is changing at an alarming rate. With ...