background: the intracellular protozoan parasites of the genus haemoproteus occur in different avian hosts all over the world. various genus of blood sucking insects’ families such as hippoboscidae and ceratopogonidae could transmit haemoproteus in avian hosts. there are very limited number of studies on wild infected birds with blood parasites in iran, so the aim of this study was to determine...

Millions of people die from the parasitic disease malaria each year. This illness is difficult to diagnose in a clinical environment and arises when red blood cells are harmed. Malaria caused by Plasmodium parasites, which main global cause mortality morbidity. Both their hosts, vertebrates, carriers, mosquitoes, these parasites have complicated life cycle.

Fish are often infected with different blood protozoa of the genera Babesiosoma, Trypanosoma, and Hemogrigarina. These parasites match which infect mammals. A total 120 samples from five fish species (Barbus grypus, Barbus sharpyi, Liza abu, Carasobarbus luteus, Aspius vorax) were collected Khazar River in Ninevah Governorate, Iraq at weekly intervals during period April 2022 to October for det...

Imaging and quantification of stained blood cells are important for identifying the in hematology diagnosing diseased or parasites cytopathology. Romanowsky staining have been used traditionally...

The early cytokines production in response to live logarithmic and stationary phase promastigotes of Leishmania major was examined on the peripheral blood cells of the healthy individuals. Whole blood cultures were stimulated by either logarithmic or stationary phase promastigotes. IFN- and IL-10 productions were assessed by specific sandwich ELISA. The results showed that the logarithmic prom...